The intake of nutrients is known to increase energy expenditure. Measured thermic effects of nutrient are 0-3% for fat, 5-10% for carbohydrates and 20-30% for proteins. Stimulation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis during intestinal absorption, initial metabolic steps and nutrient storage are responsible for this food thermic effect. The autonomic nervous system modulates the thermic e...

In the present study, Viola betonicifolia (whole plant) and solvent fractions obtained thereof were evaluated for various micronutrients such as lead, copper, chromium, iron, nickel, zinc, cadmium, cobalt and macronutrients such as sodium, potassium and calcium using atomic absorption spectrophotometer and flame photometry respectively. It was observed that cobalt and cadmium were not detectibl...

Arsenic (As) contamination of rice grains and the generally low concentration of micronutrients in rice have been recognized as a major concern for human health. Here, we investigated the speciation and localization of As and the distribution of (micro)nutrients in rice grains because these are key factors controlling bioavailability of nutrients and contaminants. Bulk total and speciation anal...

This paper presents a plant root behavior-based approach to defining the control architecture of a plant-root-inspired robot, which is composed of three root-agents for nutrient uptake and one shoot-agent for nutrient redistribution. By taking inspiration and extracting key principles from the uptake of nutrient, movements and communication strategies adopted by plant roots, we developed an upt...

Tissue engineering systems for orthopedic tissues, such as articular cartilage, are often based on the use of biomaterial scaffolds that are seeded with cells and supplied with nutrients or growth factors. In such systems, relationships between the functional outcomes of the engineered tissue construct and aspects of the initial system design are not well known, suggesting the use of mathematic...

A diet for broiler chickens that provides the nutrients essential for maintenance and growth of the flock as a whole may also have chemical and physical properties which are detrimental to the processes of ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport and utilization of nutrients. The digestive capacity of the chicken can be modelled according to interactions between feed– related and bird–relate...

The nutrients are able to interact with molecular mechanisms and modulate the physiological functions in the body. The Nutritional Genomics focuses on the interaction between bioactive food components and the genome, which includes Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics. The influence of nutrients on f genes expression is called Nutrigenomics, while the heterogeneous response of gene variants to nutri...

The soil particles can be gathered through physical and/or chemical processes in association with the biological activity, leading to formation of aggregates. Soil aggregates has several functions soil, increasing macroporosity and water circulation – consequently reducing erosion mechanical resistance root growth, contributing greater fixation plants absorption nutrients, protection intra-aggr...

Background: The intestine contains high concentrations of glycosphingolipids, but their function remained unclear. Results: In newborn mice lacking glycosphingolipids, intestinal epithelia were indistinguishable from control littermates. However, a few days after birth, severe defects in epithelial differentiation occurred. Conclusion: Glycosphingolipid expression in the intestinal epithelium i...

The gut microbiota has recently attracted unprecedented attention from the biomedical community for the mounting evidence supporting its central role in human health and disease [1] . The gut microbiota consists of the trillions of bacterial microorganisms, spanning over 500 species, that inhabit our gastrointestinal tracts. We now know that these bacteria are not simply commensal organisms in ...