This paper examines the role of high-technology trade, IPRs and FDI in determining a country’s rate of innovation and economic growth. The empirical analysis is conducted using a unique panel data set of 47 developed and developing countries from 1970 to 1990. The results suggest that: (1) high-technology imports are relevant in explaining domestic innovation both in developed and developing co...

Abstract The Poisson equation with arbitrary domains is considered in this paper using an extrapolation technique. two-dimensional problem primarily examined, and the formulas O2 O4 are thoroughly deduced. Not only effect of different extrapolations on boundary point errors analyzed, but a strategy for selecting points also provided. Finally, numerical accuracy results presented.

a water snake (natrix natrix) was referred to the small animal teaching hospital, faculty of veterinary medicine, university of tehran. it had two subcutaneous masses. radiographic and ultrasonographic images revealed the presence of two subcutaneous abscesses. the abscesses were removed surgically and specimens were examined by conventional microbial culture and multiplex pcr. inv-a universal ...

Background: Pseudomonas protein expression in E. coli is known to be a setback due to signifi cant genetic variation and absence of several genetic elements in E. coli for regulation and activation of Pseudomonas proteins. Modifi cations in promoter/repressor system and shuttle plasmid maintenance have made the expression of stable and active Pseudomonas protein possible in bot...

We contrast effects of taxing non-renewable resources with the effects of traditional capital taxes and investment subsidies in an endogenous growth model. In a simple framework we demonstrate that when non-renewable resources are a necessary input in the sector where growth is ultimately generated, interest income taxes and investment subsidies can no longer affect the long-run growth rate, wh...

In the title compound, [Cu(NO(3))(2)(C(14)H(36)N(6))](NO(3))(2)·4H(2)O, the Cu(II) atom, lying on an inversion center, is six-coordinated in a distorted octa-hedral environment by four N atoms from a centrosymmetric 14-membered tetra-aza-cyclo-tetra-decane macrocyclic ligand and two O atoms from two nitrate anions. The supra-molecular network is consolidated by extensive O-H⋯O and N-H⋯O hydroge...

Background: The present study investigated the functional maturity of oligodendrocyte derived from rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC). Methods: The BMSC were isolated from female Sprague-Dawley rats and evaluated for different markers, such as fibronectin, CD106, CD90, Oct-4 and CD45. Transdifferentiation of OLC from BMSC was obtained by exposing the BMSC to DMSO and 1 µM all-trans-retinoic a...