Using linear wave theory, the rate at which energy is converted into internal gravity waves by the interaction of the barotropic tide with topography in an ocean is calculated. Bell’s formula for the conversion rate is extended to the case of an ocean of finite depth H with weak two-dimensional topography h(x, y) and arbitrary buoyancy frequency N(z). Approximate solutions are computed using th...

We model the T-Phase transition from ocean to land and evolution of the seismic signal through this process. We model the transition with a composite technique using normal mode based numerical propagation codes to calculate the hydroacoustic pressure field in the ocean, and use this pressure field as input for the elastic finite difference code TRES to calculate the seismic propagation to land...

Keywords: Ocean wave modeling Uncertainty quantification Generalized polynomial chaos Sparse grid collocation Sensitivity analysis Karhunen–Loeve decomposition a b s t r a c t The primary objective of this study is to introduce a stochastic framework based on generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) for uncertainty quantification in numerical ocean wave simulations. The techniques we present can be e...

A 3D mesoscale model is used to study the structure and intensity of stratospheric gravity waves generated by tropical convection. Two prototypical cases are examined: a squall line observed during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) over the Pacific warm pool and a West African squall line observed during the Convection Profonde Tropic...

The wind blowing over sea surface generates tiny wind waves. They develop with time and space absorbing wind energy, and become huge wind waves usually referred to ocean surface waves. The wind waves cause not only serious sea disasters but also take important roles in the local and global climate changes by affecting the fluxes of momentum, heat and gases (e.g. CO2) through the air-sea boundar...

cientists and engineers in the APL Space Department have made notable contributions to ocean remote sensing science and technology for more than a quarter of a century. Radar altimeters designed and built at APL have set the standard for measurement precision and reliability, and concepts for new instruments promise to maintain this leadership. A variety of techniques have also been developed t...

We present a method to simulate ocean surfaces away from the coast, with correct statistical wave height and direction distributions. By using classical oceanographic parametric wave spectra, our results fit real world measurements, without depending on them. Since wave spectra are independent of the ocean model, Gerstner parametric equations and Fourier transform method can be used with them. ...

A band of enhanced thermocline variability at 108–158N in the Pacific found in nature also occurs in an ocean general circulation model forced with observed fluxes of momentum, heat, and freshwater over the period 1958– 97. The variability in the model is primarily associated with long baroclinic Rossby waves characterized by periods in the decadal range (7–10 yr). The waves are forced by westw...

Measurements of sea surface temperature (SST) can be made by satellite microwave radiometry in all weather conditions except rain. Microwaves penetrate clouds with little attenuation, giving an uninterrupted view of the ocean surface. This is a distinct advantage over infrared measurements of SST, which are obstructed by clouds. Comparisons with ocean buoys show a root mean square difference of...