BACKGROUND An adolescent girl had isolated abnormal downward gaze and oculovestibular (cold caloric) testing during propofol administration, prompting concern for brainstem abnormality. PATIENT An otherwise healthy 16-year-old girl presented after an intentional hanging. Brainstem reflexes were normal except that both eyes exhibited tonic downward gaze on initial examination. After propofol w...

We develop a new visual test, designed as software for quantifying discrimination capacity under low-illumination conditions. This is an important task in the presence of visual disturbances, such as those perceived by subjects with some ocular pathologies. For this purpose, we propose a visual-disturbance index, checking the test with two groups of observers having different ocular pathologies...

A murine model was used to characterize the local immune and inflammatory response during ocular toxoplasmosis. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, normally expressed at low levels in immune-privileged sites such as the eye, was up-regulated during infection as determined by competitive reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR and immunocytochemistry for both beta2-microglobulin and the MHC c...

Background: Waardenburg syndrome is a rare autosomally-inherited developmental disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness in association with pigmentary anomalies comprising various ocular features including dystopia canthorum, iris heterochromia, eyebrow flare, and fundus alterations. It is a congenital non-progressive genetic disorder that has been found to result in hearing loss, reduc...

Ophthalmology Series. (Pp 321, Figs 167, Tables 41. £25.00). London: Bailliere Tindall, 1980. THIS well presented and well organised book discusses the known and potential effects and hazards of radiant energy on the eye. It admirably correlates current scientific knowledge concerning radiant erergy with its biological effects on ocular structures and documents the various mechanisms whereby v;...

Ophthalmology Series. (Pp 321, Figs 167, Tables 41. £25.00). London: Bailliere Tindall, 1980. THIS well presented and well organised book discusses the known and potential effects and hazards of radiant energy on the eye. It admirably correlates current scientific knowledge concerning radiant erergy with its biological effects on ocular structures and documents the various mechanisms whereby v;...

OBJECTIVE Three cases of Aicardi Syndrome were diagnosed in our hospital. This syndrome is a rare, female-restricted genetic disease, characterized by agenesis of the corpus callosum, other central nervous system malformations, and chorioretinal lacunae. We have compared these cases with other cases of Aicardi Syndrome described in the world literature. METHODS We have reported the three case...

OBJECTIVE To compare and contrast the presence of ocular and systemic vascular function in patients with newly diagnosed and previously untreated primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) vs those with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) and comparable early-stage, functional loss. METHODS The systemic vascular function of 19 patients with POAG, 19 patients with NTG, and 20 healthy individuals serving as ...

Purpose. To evaluate the relationship between corneal and conjunctival epithelium thickness and ocular surface clinical tests in dry eye disease (DED) patients. Patients and Methods. Fifty-four patients with DED and 32 control subjects were included. Each patient underwent an ocular surface evaluation using the ocular surface disease index (OSDI), tear film break-up time (TBUT), corneal and con...

The possibility to take advantage from the nerve growth factor (NGF) ability to induce recovery of damaged tissue has been largely explored in animal models and humans. Recently, the successful use of the ocular administration of NGF in ophthalmology, and the evidences that from the eyes NGF can access to the brain have stimulated new fields of research and open further perspectives to the clin...