Increasing problems of rural unemployment in Indonesia are at the core of this report. Numbers of unemployed increased dramatically after the 1997 economic crisis and millions of people searched to be reabsorbed in rural labour markets. Agricultural land is scarce, however, and entry barriers are often high in non-farm businesses. Access to capital and information is limited for the rural poor ...

In every month on the first working Friday, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) releases its preliminary estimates of the total non-farm business payroll employment and the change in total employment from the prior month. These estimates are produced using the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey which is an on-going national probability sample survey of all non-farm establishments ...

The goal of this study was to quantify the economic role of dairy farming in New Mexico and to identify its linkages with allied industries in terms of income, value added, and employment impacts. An input-output model was used to estimate the direct, indirect, and induced impacts of the dairy farm industry on the economy of New Mexico. The results showed that in 2005, New Mexico's dairy farm i...

This paper documents a significant impact of climate variation on urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa, primarily in arid countries. By lowering farm incomes, reduced moisture availability encourages migration to nearby cities, while wetter conditions slow it. The paper also provides evidence for ruralurban income linkages. In countries with a larger industrial base, reduced moisture shrinks the ...

BACKGROUND In early 2009, a dairy-goat annex care farm in South Limburg, the Netherlands, reported 220 Coxiella burnetii-related abortions in 450 pregnant goats. These preceded human cases and occurred in a region that was Q-fever free before 2009, providing a unique quasi-experimental setting for investigating regional transmission patterns associated with a Q-fever point source. METHODS Ind...

Investing in the agricultural sector exposes producers to numerous risks and uncertainties. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these challenges, their impacts are still being felt globally. Our study aims evaluate describe risk management strategies employed by small farmers Missouri mitigate adapt impact of on farm operations. We analyzed 141 survey responses, our findings indicate that most re...

Entrepreneurship in agriculture is a phenomenon that growing importance with the changing framework conditions for agricultural production and has led to heterogeneity farm business development paths. To understand this better, classification scheme strategic entrepreneurial choices developed family farmers. The are scrutinized reduction, continuation, expansion, diversification, dual strategy ...

Agricultural commercialization raises farm incomes and improves living standards in African farming populations. Despite its importance, it remains low Africa. Limited studies agricultural have explored different tools for analysis given the indicators with zeros fractions. This paper addresses methodological issue adds literature on factors affecting commercialization. is Zhombe North Rural Di...

This paper documents a significant impact of climate variation on urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa, primarily in arid countries. By lowering farm incomes, reduced moisture availability encourages migration to nearby cities, while wetter conditions slow it. The paper also provides evidence for ruralurban linkages. In countries where cities are starting to develop an industrial base, reduced mo...