In comparison-shopping services (CSS), there exist frauds who perform excessive clicks on a target item in order to boost the popularity of it. In this paper, we introduce the problem of detecting frauds in CSS and propose three anomaly scores designed based on click behaviors of users in CSS.

Churg–Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a systemic small-sized vessel vasculitis, characterised by severe asthma, transient pulmonary infiltrates, and blood and tissue eosinophilia [1]. CSS can affect several organs, including the lungs, heart, kidneys and peripheral nervous system. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasm autoantibodies (ANCA) mainly directed against myeloperoxidase (MPO) are detected in ,40% of pat...

PURPOSE To analyze the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to determine the effects of sex and prognostic factors on the survival of patients with primary urethral carcinoma (PUC). MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 453 patients diagnosed with PUC from 2004 to 2013 from the SEER database. Statistical analysis was used to identify sex-specific differences associated with...

This paper modifies the foundations of combined Discrete Event Simulation (DES) and Continuous Systems Simulation (CSS) by extending the CSS part to the stochastic domain through including discrete (although aggregated) entities. The traditional combined DES/CSS simulation, where the modeller selects between a DES and a CSS description for components of the system under study, lacks a solid the...

OBJECTIVE To estimate prevalence of car safety seat (CSS) misuse for newborns on hospital discharge; and to identify potential risk and protective factors for CSS misuse. STUDY DESIGN We randomly sampled 291 mother-baby dyads from the newborn unit of an academic health center. Participants completed a survey and designated someone (themselves or another caregiver) to position their newborn in...

Chromosome segment substitution (CSS) lines have the potential for use in QTL fine mapping and map-based cloning. The standard t-test used in the idealized case that each CSS line has a single segment from the donor parent is not suitable for non-idealized CSS lines carrying several substituted segments from the donor parent. In this study, we present a likelihood ratio test based on stepwise r...

Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a systemic disease that shows marked eosinophilia along with eosinophil infiltration in the tissue. Prolonged eosinophil survival plays an important role in the pathogenesis of CSS; however, its detailed molecular mechanism remains unclear. Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) is a receptor tyrosine kinase, and its ligand is collagen. DDR1 was expressed in human le...

Barrier function of cultured skin substitutes (CSS) is required for their effective use in clinical treatment of skin wounds, and for percutaneous absorption in vitro. Arachidonic, palmitic, oleic, and linoleic free fatty acids, in conjunction with the antioxidant alpha-tocopherol acetate (lipid supplements, "LS"), were added to nutrient media of CSS to provide precursors of epidermal barrier l...