INTRODUCTION Since George Beatson and A. Schinzinger produced remissions of advanced breast cancer by performing bilateral oophorectomy in premenopausal patients more than 100 years ago, the effect of antihormonal therapy on breast cancer has been known. Initial endocrine therapy included oophorectomy, hypophysectomy, and adrenalectomy. The latter two were abandoned when tamoxifen citrate was a...

Women with BRCA1 gene mutations have about 30 to 40 times higher risk of ovarian cancer compared to the population risk (the lifetime risk of BRCA1-dependent ovarian cancer is about 40 percent). Because of the high risk BRCA1 mutations carriers at the age of about 40 are recommended prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy (after completion of reproductive plans). After the surgery there is still a r...

A healthy 45-year-old Japanese female developed right pleural effusion, ascites, and a pelvic mass. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy resolved the pleural effusion and ascites. Histopathological examination of the ovaries showed bilateral Krukenberg tumors with signet-ring cell carcinoma (SRCC). Extensive testing including upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy and whole-body imaging did not ...

BACKGROUND Endometrial stromal tumours with sex-cord-like elements were first described by Clement and Scully in 1976. The recent World Health Organisation classification 2003 recognises low grade stromal sarcoma and undifferentiated endometrial sarcoma. CASE PRESENTATION A 62-year-old caucasian woman presented with recurrent postmenopausal bleeding. She underwent a diagnostic hysteroscopy wh...

Key content The lifetime risk of ovarian cancer in the general population is 1.4% but women with hereditary ovarian cancer syndromes have a lifetime probability ashighas 25–60%for developing epithelial ovarian cancer. Screening has not been found to be associated with a statistically significant reduction in mortality from ovarian cancer and cannot be routinely recommended even for women at hig...

Options for the prevention of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer include screening, preventive surgery and chemoprevention. Screening studies with magnetic resonance imaging of the breast are promising but the technology is not widespread and MRI is unlikely to be available as a screening tool in the near future. Prophylactic oophorectomy and mastectomy are effective preventive measures and a...

The management of women at high risk for breast cancer presents a clinical dilemma to the health-care provider as well as to the woman herself. Current options include surveillance, prophylactic surgery (mastectomy and/or oophorectomy), and/or chemoprevention. Prophylactic mastectomy, including bilateral prophylactic mastectomy in high-risk women or contralateral prophylactic mastectomy in wome...

A 43 year old woman who underwent a hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for secondary dysmenorrhoea was found to have bilateral ovarian endometriosis. During the following four years she developed a series of tumour-like vaginal masses, which were locally excised, a pelvic mass causing acute large bowel obstruction, which necessitated an emergency Hartmann's procedure, and a furthe...

Herein, we report a case of successful mature oocyte retrieval during laparotomy after random-start controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) in a 21-year-old nulliparous woman with suspected recurrent ovarian immature teratoma. The patient had been diagnosed with stage IIIC immature teratoma two years earlier following a staging operation, including right oophorectomy and left ovarian cystectomy. A...

leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is a very rare condition characterized by the development of multiple smooth muscle-like nodules in the peritoneal cavity. it is associated with increased serum levels of gonadal steroids. the present report describes a 29-year-old patient underwent transabdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo oophorectomy six years ago because of leiomyomatosis per...