BACKGROUND Although in vitro and in vivo laboratory studies have suggested that benzalkonium chloride (BAK) in topical ophthalmic solutions may be detrimental to corneal epithelial cells, multiple short- and long-term clinical studies have provided evidence supporting the safety of BAK. Despite the conflicting evidence, BAK is the most commonly used preservative in ophthalmic products largely d...

BACKGROUND Poor adherence to treatment is a problem in glaucoma, and patient dissatisfaction with topical glaucoma medication is a barrier to adherence. The objective of this study was to evaluate glaucoma patients' satisfaction with fixed-combination bimatoprost/timolol ophthalmic solution (BTFC). METHODS This observational, multicenter study was conducted in China in adults with glaucoma tr...

INTRODUCTION We examined the sustainability of the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering efficacy of travoprost (0.004%) ophthalmic solution in subjects with normal tension glaucoma (NTG). METHODS Travoprost ophthalmic solution was given once daily at 9 PM to subjects with newly diagnosed NTG or with NTG who had not received any ocular hypotensives within the previous 30 days. IOP was measured ...

The poor bioavailability and therapeutic response exhibited by the conventional ophthalmic solutions due to pre-corneal elimination of the drug may be overcome by the use of in situ gel forming systems, which upon instillation as drops into the eye undergo a sol-gel transition in the cul-de-sac. This may result in better ocular availability of the drug. The purpose of this work was to develop a...

the use of accelerated temperature stability studies using the arrhenius relationship is routine for estimating the stability of a drug at room temperature. therefore, the acceleration method is used to determine the expiration date of dexamethasone aqueous formulation manufactured in iran. a high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) method utilizing ultraviolet (uv) detection for dexametha...

The present studies demonstrate that modification of the derivative of a given steriod base alters its anti-inflammatory potential as measured by suppression of leukocyte invasion of the cornea. A comparison of each drug's corneal bioavailability with its anti-inflammatory effectiveness shows the acetate derivative of prednisolone to be a more potent anti-inflammatory agent than the phosphate d...

BACKGROUND Although there have been reports of adverse effects after use, it is unclear whether latanoprost ophthalmic solution contributes to the development of cystoid macular edema (CME). CASE A 71-year-old man underwent lens extraction, the insertion of an intraocular lens, and vitrectomy for elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) associated with lens subluxation in the left eye. After the s...

PURPOSE Currently available ophthalmic drug delivery systems are inefficient and may lead to side effects. To increase efficiency and reduce side effects, the authors propose disposable particle-laden soft contact lenses for ophthalmic drug delivery. METHODS The essential idea is to encapsulate the ophthalmic drug formulations in nanoparticles and to disperse these drug-laden particles in the...

Aim: To compare incidence of iridial pigmentation prospectively induced by long term treatment with latanoprost and isopropyl unoprostone (hereafter, unoprostone) in Japanese patients with glaucoma. Methods: Patients with glaucoma treated with prostaglandin (PG) related ophthalmic solutions were sequentially enrolled. Patients treated for more than 30 months with PG related ophthalmic solutions...

AIM To compare incidence of iridial pigmentation prospectively induced by long term treatment with latanoprost and isopropyl unoprostone (hereafter, unoprostone) in Japanese patients with glaucoma. METHODS Patients with glaucoma treated with prostaglandin (PG) related ophthalmic solutions were sequentially enrolled. Patients treated for more than 30 months with PG related ophthalmic solutions...