In this paper, a system for P2P networks with discrete time delay based on game theory presented. This system is proposed to describe evolution procedure of the credibility of various members in the P2P network. Through analyzing the stability of the system model based on the Lyapunov stability theory, the conditions for Hopf bi furcation and stability are obtained. Finally, some numerical exam...

One bi-directional passive optical network (PON) based on optical code-division multiple access with interference elimination is proposed. By combining with wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technique, the proposed scheme alleviates the noise arising during photo-detecting process in the PON. Therefore, the bit error rate performance is improved, which is demonstrated by the results of per...

The optical ZCZ code, which is a set of pairs of binary and bi-phase sequences with zero correlation zone, can provide optical code division multiple access (CDMA) communication system without co-channel interference. We proposed the compact construction of a code generator and a bank of matched filters for this code. This paper gives and evaluates an optical ZCZ-CDMA wireless communication sys...

Hybrid lead halide perovskites have emerged as an attractive photoactive semiconductor for optoelectronic applications such photovoltaics. However, their toxicity and stability issues pose significant challenges to its wide-scale hence the need find alternative that are stable environmentally benign. Recently, double been suggested a potential owing non-toxicity high stability. In present study...

We demonstrate that, in contrast with what was previously believed, multihump solitary waves can be stable. By means of linear stability analysis and numerical simulations, we investigate the stability of twoand three-hump solitary waves governed by incoherent beam interaction in a saturable medium, providing a theoretical background for the stability of the experimental results reported by Mit...

Two models of the circumstellar disc around supergiant B[e] stars are discussed: an equatorial wind model produced by wind bi-stability, and a Keplerian viscous disc model. Both models are successful in providing a site for dust formation once they have cooled sufficiently. However, the optical–infra-red continuum is calculated and it is found that both models have significant trouble in accoun...

Leveraging the advanced coherent optical communication technologies, this paper explores the feasibility of using four-dimensional (4D) nonbinary LDPC-coded modulation (4D-NB-LDPC-CM) schemes for long-haul transmission in future optical transport networks. In contrast to our previous works on 4D-NB-LDPC-CM which considered amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise as the dominant impairment, t...