A highly integrated approach to the development of a process for the continuous synthesis and purification of diphenhydramine is reported. Mass spectrometry (MS) is utilized throughout the system for on-line reaction monitoring, off-line yield quantitation, and as a reaction screening module that exploits reaction acceleration in charged microdroplets for high throughput route screening. This e...

a chaotic optimization algorithm (coa) based approach for the robust coordinated design of the upfc power oscillation damping controller and the conventional power system stabilizer has been investigated in this paper. chaotic optimization algorithms, which have the features of easy implementation, short execution time and robust mechanisms of escaping from local optimum, is a promising tool fo...

The structural and dynamical properties of biological macromolecules under non-equilibrium conditions determine the kinetics of their basic reaction to external stimuli. This kinetics is multiexponential in nature. This is due to the operation of various subsystems in the structure of macromolecules, as well as the effect of the basic reaction on the structure of macromolecules. The situation c...

This paper studies first order conditions (Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions) for discretized optimal control problems with nonsmooth constraints. We present a simple condition which can be used to verify that a local optimal point satisfies the first order conditions and that a point satisfying the first order conditions is a global or local optimal solution of the optimal control problem.

We consider an optimal control problem governed by an ODE with memory playing the role of a control. We show the existence of an optimal solution and derive some necessary optimality conditions. Some examples are then discussed.

We introduce some concepts of generalized invexity for the continuous-time multiobjective programming problems, namely, the concepts of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker invexity and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker pseudoinvexity. Using the concept of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker invexity, we study the relationship of the multiobjective problems with some related scalar problems. Further, we show that Karush-Kuhn-Tucker pseudoinvex...

The cones of directions of constancy are used to derive: new as well as known optimality conditions; weakest constraint qualifications; and regularization techniques, for the convex programming problem. In addition, the "badly behaved set" of constraints, i.e. the set of constraints which causes problems in the Kuhn-Tucker theory, is isolated and a computational procedure for checking whether a...

The hydrothermal conversion of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) to furfural (FA) and levulinic acid (LA) was investigated in the presence of dilute hydrochloric acid. FA and LA yields were improved by univariate optimization of the main reaction parameters: concentration of the acid catalyst, solid/liquid ratio of the reaction mixture, hydrolysis temperature, and reaction time. The catalytic perfor...