The analysis of spontaneous speech in Cypriot Greek reveals considerable variability in duration of consonants. Consonants preserve a contrast in duration under the same phonological conditions, which should therefore be regarded as a phonological opposition rather than the effect of phonetic factors. It is also argued that spontaneous Cypriot speech shows considerable influence from Standard M...

In spontaneous speech, seemingly ‘inter-speaker’ variation is not thoroughly speaker-dependent. It is often the cases that, in addition to the genuine speaker-dependent factors, contextual factors like speaking rate and linguistic environment also have their influence on the variation. In this paper, the variations in the vocal-tract closure articulation of Japanese voiced obstruent consonants ...

We demonstrated the remote control of insects in free flight via an implantable radio-equipped miniature neural stimulating system. The pronotum mounted system consisted of neural stimulators, muscular stimulators, a radio transceiver-equipped microcontroller and a microbattery. Flight initiation, cessation and elevation control were accomplished through neural stimulus of the brain which elici...

Throughout the study of ecology, there has been a growing realization that indirect effects among species cause complexity in food webs. Understanding and predicting the behavior of ecosystems consequently depends on our ability to identify indirect effects and their mechanisms. The present study experimentally investigates indirect interactions arising between two prey species that share a com...

We derive a first-order approximation of the density of maximum entropy for a continuous 1-D random variable, given a number of simple constraints. This results in a density expansion which is somewhat similar to the classical polynomial density expansions by Gram-Charlier and Edgeworth. Using this approximation of density, an approximation of 1-D differential entropy is derived. The approximat...

the main objective of this descriptive- suvey research was to analyze components of quality of e-learning in the iranian agricultural higher education. the statistical population of the study consisted of the graduate students of iranian agricultural colleges (n=8541), out of which 286 people determined as sample using cochran formula and proportionate stratified sampling technique. the data we...

microarray data have an important role in identification and classification of the cancer tissues. having a few samples of microarrays in cancer researches is always one of the most concerns which lead to some problems in designing the classifiers. for this matter, preprocessing gene selection techniques should be utilized before classification to remove the noninformative genes from the microa...

The dynamic instability regions of composite laminated skew flat plates subjected to uniform in-plane axial end-loading are investigated. The in-plane loading is assumed as a combination of a time-invariant component and a harmonic time-varying component uniformly distributed along two opposite panel ends’ width. In case of some loading frequency-amplitude pair-conditions, the model is subjecte...

In this paper we will compare the connectivity dimension c(P/I) of an ideal I in a polynomial ring P with that of any initial ideal of I. Generalizing a theorem of Kalkbrener and Sturmfels [18], we prove that c(P/LT≺(I)) ≥ min{c(P/I), dim(P/I)−1} for each monomial order ≺. As a corollary we have that every initial complex of a Cohen-Macaulay ideal is strongly connected. Our approach is based on...

The interaction between pauses and the retrieval of the desired lexemes in the process of word production involves controversies that are worth investigating. The hypothesis of the present research was that certain pauses might refer to specific operations in the mental lexicon predicting the phonetic output. The temporal analysis of word retrieval was carried out in a ‘tip-of-the-tongue’ elici...