Modern steel making processes are based on electrical arc furnaces (EAF) or converters, secondary metallurgy and CSC equipment. Steel casting processes are carried on as the continuous ones, which today are the dominating methods in global quantities of steel production. These methods make possible production of the continuous castings of predetermined profiles and dimensions, and therefore to ...

Industrial and experimental induction furnaces are used for melting various types of iron ingots, returned scraps and DRI sponge pellets to produce high purity cast - iron and steel heats. The lowest consumption of electrical energy determined for continuous feeding operation is 0.3 KWH/Kg for the production of cast - iron in a 1.5 - ton industrial furnace and 0.45 KWH/Kg for the production of ...

In this work, the effect of cold deformation prior to annealing treatment on microstructure and magnetic hysteresis energy losses in a low carbon grain non-oriented semi-processed electrical steel with 0.60 mm thickness was investigated. The samples were subjected different percentages deformation, range 5–20% reduction annealed at temperatures between 650 950 °C for 60 min, these characterized...

Rapid development of automotive industry brings also increased requirements for sheets properties, involving relatively high strength and good formability together with excellent corrosion resistance. Increasing requests for corrosion resistance lead to the production of coated car parts, protected mainly by zinc coatings. Whereas, majority of European producers of passenger cars use preferenti...

ite power and grounding audits/evaluations of commercial and industrial locations routinely identify electrical power system grounding and bonding problems. According to S. Frank Waterer, an electrical engineering IEEE Fellow at Schneider Electric with more than 30 years of experience, approximately 70% of all anomalies, dysfunctions, or problems associated with power distribution systems are d...