An important question in the construction of orthogonal arrays is what the minimal size of an array is when all other parameters are fixed. In this paper, we will provide a generalization of an inequality developed by Bierbrauer for symmetric orthogonal arrays. We will utilize his algebraic approach to provide an analogous inequality for orthogonal arrays having mixed levels and show that the b...

BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint diseases in elderly people, however, the underlying mechanism of OA pathogenesis is not completely clear. Periostin, the extracellular protein, has been shown by cDNA array analysis to be highly expressed in OA, but its function is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to examine the expression and function of periosti...

OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence implicates serine proteinases in pathologic tissue turnover. The aim of this study was to assess the role of the transmembrane serine proteinase matriptase in cartilage destruction in osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS Serine proteinase gene expression in femoral head cartilage obtained from either patients with hip OA or patients with fracture to the neck of the femur...

A novel radio channel compensation method aiming to give optimal calibration for microstrip antenna array systems is presented in this paper, realized for an actual DOA measurement antenna system using microstrip antennas to sample the electromagnetic field, operating at 4.5GHz. This new approach considers mismatch between antennas and channel RF ports, channel transmission inequalities, and al...

Electrical discharge machines (EDM) are widely employed in machining components containing complex profiles of hard-to-cut and materials. However, the fabrication-of-tool time for EDM process is excessively high traditional method, which significantly affects rate. Therefore, this paper, a powder metallurgy (PM) technique to fabricate tool electrode using copper (Cu), titanium carbide (TiC), zi...

Previous studies found that it is easier for observers to spatially update displays during imagined self-rotation versus array rotation. The present study examined whether either the physics of gravity or the geometric relationship between the viewer and array guided this self-rotation advantage. Experiments 1-3 preserved a real or imagined orthogonal relationship between the viewer and the arr...

The proof of Theorem 2 in the main body of the paper applies to the special case in which the covariance matrix of random vector (θ; θM ;u) is full rank. In this Online Appendix, we prove Theorem 2 for the general case, imposing only Assumptions 1 and 2L: Cov(v, θ|θM ) 6= 0 and V ar(u|θ, θM ) > 0. Proof of Theorem 2 (General Case) Before proceeding to the proof, we first prove the following lem...

We show that the generating function of the symmetric group with respect to five particular statistics gives rise to an exponential Riordan array, whose inverse is the coefficient array of the associated orthogonal polynomials. This also provides us with an LDU factorization of the Hankel matrix of the associated moments.

A 10-GHz discrete cylindrical lens array with multiple beams is designed and characterized as a receiving angle-diversity array for wireless communications in a multipath environment. The array also has dual-orthogonal polarization and therefore built-in polarization diversity. The array is designed for wide-angle scanning between 45 and 45 and measured scanning patterns are presented. The pola...