Experiments on Gulf toadfish Opsanus beta demonstrate how feeding impacts osmoregulation in the marine teleost intestine. A high Ca(2+) diet of pilchards Sardina pilchardus ([Ca(2+)]=404.2 mmol kg(-1)) was compared to a low Ca(2+) diet of common squid Loligo forbesi ([Ca(2+)]=1.3 mmol kg(-1)), as high [Ca(2+)] has been shown to stimulate intestinal anion exchange. Gastrointestinal fluids and bl...

The peptidase system in Drosophila melanogaster, consisting of dipeptidase-A, dipeptidase-B, dipeptidase-C and the leucine aminopeptidases, was used as a model to study the adaptive significance of enzyme activity variation. The involvement of the peptidases in osmoregulation has been suggested from the ubiquitous distribution of peptidase activities in nearly all tissues and the high concentra...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Optimization of osmotic dehydration in different plant cells has been investigated through the variation of parameters such as the nature of the sugar used, the concentration of osmotic solutions and the processing time. In micro-organisms such as the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the exposure of a cell to a slow increase in osmotic pressure preserves cell viability after...

In order to study of hydropriming and halopriming on germination and early growth stage of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) an experiment was carried out in laboratory of the Department of AgroNomy and Plant breeding, Shahrood University of Technology. Seed treatments consisted of T1: control (untreated seeds), T2: soaking in distilled water for 18 h (hydropriming). T3: soaking in -1.2 MPa solution...

Drought is one of the major limitations to crop production worldwide. This study was conducted to evaluate the response of five almond genotypes and peach×almond hybrid GF to drought stress in vitro, and screening drought tolerance. Explants subjected to polyethylene glycol osmotic stress ( , , and . % WV) on the MS medium. Increasing PEG level in the medium significantly reduced fresh weight a...

The aim of the study was to investigate changes in erythrocyte osmotic resistance in relation to haematological and histological changes in dogs with a congenital portosystemic shunt. Osmotic fragility tests with complete blood counts and liver histological examinations were performed in 12 dogs with single extrahepatic portosystemic shunt confirmed by surgical exploration. Laboratory results w...

The rate of swelling of unfertilized sea urchin eggs in hypotonic sea water was investigated. Analysis of curves leads to the following conclusions. 1. The rate of swelling follows the equation, See PDF for Equation where V(eq)., V(0), and V(t) stand for volume at equilibrium, at first instant, and at time t, respectively, the other symbols having their usual significance. This equation is foun...

Brain recovery after cardiac arrest (CA) was assessed in cats using arterial spin tagging perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and 1H-spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Cerebral reperfusion and metabolic recovery was monitored in the cortex and in basal ganglia for 6 h after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Furthermore, the effects of an hypertonic/hyperoncotic solution (...