Mathematical model and dynamic simulation technique of plate heat exchangers (PHEs) with rapid fouling effects were presented. Crank Nicolson’s method and the ghost node technique were used to solve the thermal model. Effects of fouling were added to model through the overall heat transfer coefficient correlation. Rung Kutta 4 was used to receive the integral value of the fouling model. An expe...

—An explosive increment of data and a variety of data analysis make it indispensable to lower power and cooling costs of cloud datacenters. To address this issue, we investigate the thermal impact of I/O access patterns on data storage systems. Firstly, we conduct some preliminary experiments to study the thermal behavior of a data storage node. The experimental results show that disks have ig...

Abstract The performance and life cycle of Li-ion batteries are governed by the maximum temperature uniformity distribution in battery pack, an efficient thermal management system is highly desired to keep operating pack within safe limits. Air cooling has received extensive attention area management. However, intensification air-cooling modules essential while keeping simplicity design satisfy...

The purpose of this research was to determine the optimum dehydration temperature and time length for a better physicochemical quality tomato powders. treatments consisted 70, 80 90°C temperatures 9, 11, 13 h durations arranged in completely randomized design (CRD) with triplicates. inlet outlet air hot oven dryer were about 24 60°C respectively an velocity 2.9 m/s. Fresh tomatoes used as contr...

The relations between defecographic findings, rectal emptying, and colonic transit time were analysed in 80 constipated patients (median age 49 years, range 22-87). Patients were classified into three clinically defined groups (slow transit, outlet obstruction, and a mixed group). Rectal evacuation was evaluation was evaluated by computer-based area calculation. There were no differences in def...

Using data on known tobacco outlets throughout NZ, GIS was used to map outlets, deprivation and secondary schools. A total of 5008 tobacco outlets were identified, giving a density of one outlet per 617 people or one outlet per 129 smokers. One-half of secondary schools had an outlet within 500 m. Tobacco outlets were more densely located in areas of higher socioeconomic deprivation. One third ...

Thermal ablation of liver tumors near large blood vessels is affected by the cooling effect of blood flow, leading to incomplete ablation. Hence, we conducted a comparative investigation of heat sink effect in monopolar (MP) and bipolar (BP) radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and microwave (MW) ablation devices.With a perfused calf liver, the ablative performances (volume, mass, density, dimensions...

Wall-mounted solar chimneys use radiation to heat the air inside chimney cavity and thermal pressure create natural convection. Applying this principle allows for indoor ventilation of a building without energy consumption. However, in wall-mounted designs, different inlet outlet design dimensions can have varying degrees impact on effectiveness ventilation. In order analyze internal airflow st...

Watershed scale hydrology and water quality models (DRAINMOD-DUFLOW, DRAINMODW, DRAINMOD-GIS and WATGIS) that describe the nitrogen loadings at the outlet of poorly drained watersheds were examined with respect to their accuracy and uncertainty in model predictions. Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) was applied to determine the impact of uncertainty in estimating field exports and decay coefficien...