This paper provides a critical review of the demand for money estimation. In doing so, first we explain the main effective factors on the demand for money on the light of monetarists, which those are: transaction demand for money and opportunity cost of holding money. Then I have done a short report about the existing studies on the demand for money in the Iranian economy and have a special att...

as an industrial crop, sugar beet plays an important role in meeting domestic demand for sugar. given the higher level of imported sugar iniran, the application of protectionist policies is an approach for supplying required sugar. one of these policies is technological improvement. in order to study the effect of this policy, sugar beet supply and demand equations in 1971-2008 were fitted by t...

We estimate the slope of the demand curve for newly auctioned FHLB discount notes and investigate the impacts of arbitrage risk and heterogeneity of investor beliefs on demand elasticity. Our unique dataset of roughly 2,900 observations of two price-quantity pairs—the first from a pre-auction dealer survey, the second from actual auction results—provides the quantity shift necessary to identify...

In this paper we introduce a scale elasticity measure based on directional distance function for multi-output-multi-input technologies and explore its fundamental properties. Specifically, we derive necessary and sufficient condition for equivalence of the scale elasticity measure based on the directional distance function with the input oriented and output oriented scale elasticity measures. W...

Incorporating a household’s net sale status into a rearranged Slutsky equation with combined ordinary and endowment income effects, this paper aims to reinterpret the income elasticity of demand in the case of buying and selling and to associate it with types of goods in a novel manner. To this end, the Deaton’s (1989) net benefit ratio (NBR) approach is expressed as the difference between orig...