BACKGROUND Perioperative fluid therapy remains a highly debated topic. Its purpose is to maintain or restore effective circulating blood volume during the immediate perioperative period. Maintaining effective circulating blood volume and pressure are key components of assuring adequate organ perfusion while avoiding the risks associated with either organ hypo- or hyperperfusion. Relative to per...

BACKGROUND The diagnostic strength of the jugular venous pressure (JVP) and pedal edema as physical examination tools for the assessment of volume status has been minimally studied. METHODS We conducted a prospective observational study in an outpatient peritoneal dialysis clinic in Saskatoon, Canada. Patients were adult (age 18 or older) peritoneal dialysis outpatients without any history of...

Introduction and Aims: The assessment of proper hydration status in hemodialysis patients is difficult. None of the currently available markers or measures is clinically relevant. Recently, a human pre-pro-vasopressin (1-164) split product (copeptin) a new surrogate marker of hydration status was introduced. The aim of the study was to analyze body weight changes in the early posttransplant per...

BACKGROUND Current literature evaluating body mass (BM) changes across a variety of running race distances is limited. The primary objective of this study was to profile the range of BM changes across race distances. The secondary objective was to evaluate the prevalence of exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH) in runners admitted to the on-site medical tent following participation of race eve...

BACKGROUND Assessment of volume status and differentiating "underfill" and "overfill" edema is essential in the management of patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS). OBJECTIVES Our aim was to evaluate the volume status of NS patients by using different methods and to investigate the utility of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) in children with NS. METHODS The hydration status of 19 pati...

Background: The gingiva is frequently challenged to oral bacteria which are able to induce inflammatory responses with increased fluid filtration and edema formation in the tissue. Under given circumstances periodontal pathogens can also promote periodontal disease characterized by bone resorption. Lymphatic vessels drain fluid from the interstitium and transport lymphocytes and antigen-present...

BACKGROUND The clinical criteria to assess hydration status are not always reliable. Hence, the development of techniques to estimate more accurately post-dialysis dry weight (DW) remains a major challenge. The present study evaluates the value of the inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter, plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), and plasma renin activity (PRA) in determining the D...

Manning, R. Davis, Jr. Dynamics of extracellular fluid volume changes during hyperproteinemia. Am. J. Physiol. 275 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 44): R1878– R1884, 1998.—The dynamics of fluid volume distribution between the blood and interstitium during hyperproteinemia were studied in 12 anephric, conscious dogs during several states of hydration. After recovery from splenectomy and u...

BACKGROUND Non-euvolaemia in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients is associated with elevated mortality risk. There is an urgent need to collect data to help us understand the association between clinical practices and hydration and nutritional status, and their effects on patient outcome. METHODS The aim of this prospective international, longitudinal observational cohort study is to follow up ...

BACKGROUND The majority of haemodialysis (HD) patients gain weight between dialysis sessions and thereby become volume overloaded, whereas peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a more continuous technique. Cardiovascular mortality and hypertension is increased with both treatment modalities. We therefore wished to compare volume status in PD and HD to determine whether PD patients are chronically volume ...