Biological pest control is known to depend on landscape heterogeneity. However, such relationship shows irregular pattern and seems influenced by local farming practices natural enemies that overwinter within crop fields. The objective of this study was assess the contribution emerging in spring biological control, their response interaction between heterogeneity intensity. We monitored overwin...

When cultivated and wild plants hybridize, hybrids often show intermediate phenotypic traits relative to their parents, which makes them unfit in natural environments. However, maternal genetic effects may affect the outcome of hybridization by controlling expression earliest life history traits. Here, using wild, reciprocal crop–wild sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids, we evaluated on em...

Immune defenses are expected to be crucial for survival under the considerable parasite pressures experienced by wild animals. However, our understanding of the association between immunity and fitness in nature remains limited due to both the complexity of the vertebrate immune system and the often-limited availability of immune reagents in nonmodel organisms. Here, we use methods and reagents...

1. Across the vast boreal forests of North America, no population cycles in Clethrionomys species occur. In Eurasia, by contrast, some Clethrionomys populations of the same species undergo regular 3-5-year cycles. We examined the effects of nutrients, food, competitors, predators and climate on population limitation in the northern red-backed vole (Clethrionomys rutilus Pallas) in the south-wes...

Climate change causes warming of rivers and may increase discharge, particularly during winter. Downstream hydropower plants, fluctuating water temperature flow create dynamic overwintering conditions for juvenile salmonids. We used inSTREAM 7.2-SD to simulate the effects increased (+2 °C) discharge (+10%) on overwinter growth mortality one-summer- two-summer-old Atlantic salmon brown trout in ...

The management of Atlantic herring in the Bay Fundy/Gulf Maine/Scotian Shelf region Northwest (NAFO areas 4WX5YZ) assumes separate stocks Canadian and US waters; however, landed weir fishery southwest New Brunswick (SWNB) are assumed to be origin for purposes. present study is a review tagging studies that have been conducted on since 1950s NAFO 4WX5YZ. data show consistent patterns over time. ...

Liriomyza sativae Blanchard and trifolii (Burgess) are two highly polyphagous pests that successively invaded China in the 1990s 2000s, respectively, threatening vegetable horticultural plants. Competitive displacement of L. by occurred during expansion process latter southern China, while whether can expand their range to northern remains unclear. Overwintering cold tolerance capacity largely ...