In order to determine whether oxytocin release is controlled by an osmoreceptor mechanism identical with that for vasopressin release, the plasma oxytocin concentration and plasma osmolality were measured during intraatrial infusion and after intraventricular injection of various osmotic solutions in unanesthetized rats. Intraatrial infusion of 0.6 M NaCl Locke solution (L.S.) or 1.2 M mannitol...

Oxytocin is well-known for its impact on social cognition. This specificity the domain, however, has been challenged by findings suggesting a domain-general allostatic function oxytocin promoting future-oriented and flexible behavior. In this pre-registered study, we tested hypothesized of assessing intranasal (24 IU) core aspects human (inequity aversion) non-social decision making (delay grat...

labor induction despite an unriped cervix is one of the most common indications of the use of prostaglandines. this clinical trial was performed to compare the effectiveness of oxytocin with misoprostol for induction of labor in bahonar hospital, kerman/iran from 1999 to 2000. sixty pregnant women with indication for labor induction were randomly assigned to receive misoprostol or oxytocin. mis...

We have examined the changes in neuronal expression of oxytocin mRNA in the perinatal and mature female rat as a function of endogenous gonadal steroids. Northern blot analysis demonstrated a significant developmental increase in the abundance of oxytocin mRNA in the female brain concomitant with puberty. Ovariectomy of adult females decreased total brain oxytocin mRNA to significantly lower le...

It has been suggested that the gene duplication that led to the formation of the vasopressin/oxytocin two-gene family occurred early during vertebrate evolution. However, the existence of both vasopressin- and oxytocin-related peptides in invertebrates suggests that this duplication may have occurred much earlier, although there is no evidence for the co-occurrence of vasopressin- and oxytocin-...

The neuropeptide oxytocin has been implicated in the mediation of several forms of affiliative behavior including parental care, grooming, and sex behavior. Here we demonstrate that species from the genus Microtus (voles) selected for differences in social affiliation show contrasting patterns of oxytocin receptor expression in brain. By in vitro receptor autoradiography with an iodinated oxyto...

PURPOSE To determine, after Caesarean delivery, uterine contractility and blood pressure following intravenous (i.v.) and intramyometrial (imy) injection of oxytocin. METHODS In a double-blind clinical trial 40 parturients scheduled for elective Caesarean section with spinal anaesthesia were randomized into two equal groups. One litre Ringer's lactate was administered i.v. before intrathecal ...

Oxytocin infusion used in labour can sometimes be left hung on the stand for many hours. There has been no study to determine if oxytocin is equally distributed throughout the infusion bag and if the distribution stays the same with time. We postulated that there may be settling of the molecules such that oxytocin concentrates at the bottom of the infusion bag. Eight infusion bags were prepared...

Objectives: To compare efficacy of intramyometrial oxytocin vs intravenous oxytocin infusion in reducing blood loss during cesarean section. Materials and methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial of 150 women undergoing cesarean section was done. Women undergoing cesarean section were randomly divided into three groups according to method of administration of oxytocin. In group I (n =...

Oxytocin is a paramount social hormone in mammals and accumulating evidence also strengthens a leading role of this nonapeptide in human social behavior. From voles to men, oxytocin modulates an intriguing number of social behaviors that resonates across species. Behaviors modulated by oxytocin include the quality of pair bonding, parenting, social stress, ingroup and out-group relationships, a...