Photovoltaic (PV) energy is the most important energy resource since it is clean, pollution free, and inexhaustible. Due to rapid growth in the semiconductor and power electronics techniques, it is important to operate PV energy conversion systems near the maximum power point to increase the output efficiency of PV arrays. The output power of PV arrays is always changing with weather conditions...

Purpose. To validate clinically a new method for estimating the corneal power (P c ) using a variable keratometric index (n kadj) in eyes with previous laser refractive surgery. Setting. University of Alicante and Medimar International Hospital (Oftalmar), Alicante, (Spain). Design. Retrospective case series. Methods. This retrospective study comprised 62 eyes of 62 patients that had undergone ...

The tracing methods determine the contribution the power system sources have in their supplying. These methods can be used to assess the transmission prices, but also to recover the transmission fixed cost. In this paper is presented the influence of the modification of commons structure has on the specific price of transfer and on active power losses. The authors propose a power losses allocat...

Abstract This paper presents computationally feasible rank-one relaxation algorithms for the efficient simulation of a time-incremental damage model with nonconvex incremental stress potentials in multiple spatial dimensions. While standard suffers from numerical issues due to lack convexity, our experiments showed that by convexification delivering an approximation quasiconvex envelope prevent...