Drug resistance is caused by mutations that change the balance of recognition favoring substrate cleavage over inhibitor binding. Here, a structural dynamics perspective of the regained wild-type functioning in mutant HIV-1 proteases with coevolution of the natural substrates is provided. The collective dynamics of mutant structures of the protease bound to p1-p6 and NC-p1 substrates are assess...

The October 1998 release of the Cambridge Structural Database (1992) contains structural details (unit-cell dimensions and atom coordinates) for nearly 1300 distinct entries under space group P1 (No. 1); for 279 of these entries, the space-group designation is incorrect. The most common type of error, occurring for 157 entries with Z > 1, seems to have resulted from a simple misprint ± the omis...

Intracranial infection of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) induces demyelination and a neurological disease in susceptible SJL/J (SJL) mice that resembles multiple sclerosis. While the virus is cleared from the central nervous system (CNS) of resistant C57BL/6 (B6) mice, it persists in SJL mice. To investigate the role of viral persistence and its accompanying immune responses in...

In consenting to publish an extravagantly long report of the most tedious kind—a genome analysis (10)—this journal has shown what appears to be extraordinary indulgence. The genome is that of P1, a bacteriophage that, unlike certain of its cousins, neither raises hopes nor instills fear. P1 phage particles are not the “great hope of universal therapy and prophylaxis,” as Felix d’Hérelle believe...

Six hybridoma clones were obtained that secreted monoclonal antibodies against the aspartate aminotransferase-P1 (AAT-P1) isoenzyme from root nodules of Lupinus angustifolius [L.] cv Uniharvest. This enzyme is found constitutively in the plant cytosol fraction. The monoclonal antibodies produced were all of the immunoglobulin G1 class, recognized two distinct epitopes on the protein, and repres...

Boar sperm viability post-thaw differs depending on the ejaculate fraction used, with spermatozoa present in the first 10 mL of the sperm-rich fraction (SRF) (portion 1, P1, sperm-peak portion) displaying the best cryosurvival in vitro compared with that of spermatozoa from the rest of the ejaculate (portion 2 of the SRF plus the post-spermatic fraction), even when using simplified freezing rou...

Kondo, Eiko (Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan), and Susumu Mitsuhashi. Drug resistance of enteric bacteria. IV. Active transducing phage P1 CM produced by the combination of R factor with phage P1. J. Bacteriol. 88:1266-1276. 1964.-During an investigation of the transduction of R factors with phage P1, a phage lysate capable of transducing the character of chloramphenicol resistance (CM(r)) in...

Objective: Enhancing critical and moral thinking are goals of higher education. We sought to examine thinking development within a Doctor of Pharmacy (Pharm.D.) program. Methods: The California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST), Health Sciences Reasoning Test (HSRT), and the Defining Issues Test (DIT2) were administered to Pharm.D. students over four sessions throughout their didactic studi...

Pre-translational regulation of subunit c has been suggested to control the biosynthesis of mitochondrial ATP synthase (ATPase) in brown adipose tissue (BAT). Subunit c is encoded by the genes P1 and P2, which encode identical mature proteins. We have determined here the levels of P1 and P2 mRNAs in different tissues, in response to cold acclimation in rats, during ontogenic development of BAT ...

gamma-L-Glutamyl-S-(benzyl)-L-cysteinyl-R-(-)-phenylglycine (TER 117) has previously been developed for selective inhibition of human glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GST P1-1) based on the postulated contribution of this isoenzyme to the development of drug resistance in cancer cells. In the present investigation, the inhibitory effect of TER 117 on the human glyoxalase system was studied. Alth...