This paper demonstrates the influence of the trailing end of the piston, or inboard, pad on the propensity of a brake to generate audible squeal. The unique technique was employed to measure the dynamic centre of pressure at the pad/disc interface during a normal braking operation. This novel technique uses an embedded pressure sensitive film within the pad. The paper also presents the co-plana...

BACKGROUND Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a major complication of atherosclerosis. PAD can be diagnosed with low-cost diagnostic techniques and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. While the major epidemiologic risk factors for PAD have been established in the western world, data from resource-poor countries are limited. We performed a cross-sectional study to determine t...

We examined clinging ability, subdigital pad area and body mass in 14 pad-bearing lizard species from three families to test three predictions: (1) clinging ability and pad area should be tightly correlated among species; (2) pad area and clinging ability should scale similarly to body mass among 14 species; and (3) functional similarity in clinging capabilities should exist among species despi...

Fishes are known to have a great deal of variability in their vertebrae especially near the occipital region. Despite this observed variability, there is new and compelling evidence for developmental conservatism in the region for actinopterygians (Bemis & Forey 2001; Britz & Johnson 2010; Johnson & Britz 2010). Authors have even hypothesized that the occiput could be homologous among chondrich...

[Purpose] This study investigated the optimal thickness of the wheelchair backrest for lumbar load and increased comfort. [Subjects] Fifteen healthy people participated. [Methods] The study examined three randomized backrest conditions: no pad; a 3-cm-thick lumbar pad; and a 6-cm-thick lumbar pad. The location of the lumbar pad was standardized at the mid-lumbar level (L3). Participants were in...

Studies of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in minority populations provide researchers with an opportunity to evaluate PAD risk factors and disease severity under different types of conditions. Examination 1 of the Strong Heart Study (1989-1992) provided data on the prevalence of PAD and its risk factors in a sample of American Indians. Participants (N = 4,549) represented 13 tribes located i...