The 1994 World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) established minimum universal standards in all areas of intellectual property. It is intended to implement these standards globally through a WTO enforcement mechanism. The present article proposes a strategy for alleviating the potentially negative impact of TRIPS in Thailand in r...

The Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), originally from East Asia, has been the main species of oyster farmed in Europe since the early 20 century. Populations were heavily hit by disease in the 1960s and 1970s and thousands of tons of Pacific oysters from Canada and Japan were subsequently imported to replenish French farm stocks. However, a number of other species inadvertently arrived with t...

In the present study Iran’s rice imports trend is forecasted, using artificial neural networks and econometric methods, during 2009 to 2013, and their results are compared. The results showed that feet forward neural network leading with less forecast error and had better performance in comparison to econometric techniques and also, other methods of neural networks, such as Recurrent networks a...

Abstract Russia's invasion in Ukraine has led to substantial restrictions on exports Russia, which some East Asian economies have joined. We review the importance of as providers technology imports for Russia and present a preliminary analysis development Russian from Asia after invasion. find that been important suppliers goods Russia. After February 2022, most countries dropped substantially....