The modality of the O2 drive to breathe was evaluated in unanaesthetized Bufo paracnemis. Carbon monoxide (CO) hypoxia was applied to reduce CaO2 (arterial O2 content). Arterial PO2 (PaO2) was reduced through inspiration of hypoxic gas mixtures (hypoxic hypoxia). Measurements included pulmonary ventilation, CaO2, PaO2, pHa, blood pressure and heart rate. Application of fractional concentrations...

Improper design involving the intaglio surfaces of the pontics can lead to food impaction, plaque accumulation and a subsequent severe inflammatory tissue response. Proper choice of pontic material and design is a crucial determinant ensuring clinical success of fixed partial dentures. This article elucidates restorative and comprehensive management of pontic induced hyperplastic gingival enlar...

Recognizing that conspicuous multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions have high intensities in both dual-echo T2 and PDweighted MR brain images, we show that it is possible to automatically determine a thresholding mechanism to locate conspicuous lesion pixels and also to identify pixels that suffer from reduced intensity due to partial volume effects. To do so, we first transform a T2-PD feature space ...

Both functional and also more recently resting state magnetic resonance imaging have become established tools to investigate functional brain networks. Most studies use these tools to compare different populations without controlling for potential differences in underlying brain structure which might affect the functional measurements of interest. Here, we adapt a simulation approach combined w...

Volumetric measurements are reported for fully hydrated lipid/cholesterol bilayer mixtures using the neutral flotation method. Apparent specific volume data were obtained with the lipids DOPC, POPC and DMPC at T=30 degrees Celsius, DPPC at 50 degrees Celsius, and brain sphingomyelin (BSM) at 45 and 24 degrees Celsius for mole fractions of cholesterol x from 0 to 0.5. Unlike previous cholesterol...

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglycose -position emission tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET) as an efficient staging tool for lung carcinoma; allows description and characterization of the primary tumor and of local and distant metastases in a single examination. One of the important limiting factors in quantification of metabolic parameters with PET is the partial volume effect. Our aim for this study was to ...

This article addresses the problem of the tissue type parameter estimation in brain MRI in the presence of partial volume effects. Automatic MRI brain tissue classification is hampered by partial volume effects that are caused by the finite resolution of the acquisition process. Due to this effect intensity distributions in brain MRI cannot be well modeled by a simple mixture of Gaussians and t...