the aim of this study is to investigate the share of total factor productivity growth (tfpg), labor force growth and physical capital growth on the value added growth of non-oil sector by applying the cob-douglass production function during the third, fourth and fifth development plans before the islamic revolution of iran (1342-1356), and during the first, second, third and forth economic, soc...

This paper estimates the effect of having children on labor force participation of mothers in urban Iranian areas. I exploit sex composition of children as an exogenous source of variation in family size to account for endogeneity of fertility. Using information from the Iranian Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) over three samples, namely, households with one and more, two and more...

Despite the Chilean economic success and the high number of women appointees in executive positions, a wide gender gap still exists in the political and economic realms, which is even broader than in the rest of Latin America. This study looks at the labor market, an area in which the gender divide is strong and prevents women’s progress. It examines (1) the situation of Chilean women at work s...

In 1998 the Norwegian government introduced a program that increased parents’ incentives to stay home with children under the age of three. Many eligible children had older siblings, and we investigate how this program affected long-run educational outcomes of the older siblings. Using comprehensive administrative data, we estimate a difference-in-differences model which exploits differences in...

As social and economic forces impact business practices, the significance of delivering effective employer-driven, employment services (i.e., demand-side model) to facilitate employment and retention for individuals who have not traditionally benefited from labor force participation is of increased importance. The purpose of this paper is to provide descriptions of two public-private partnershi...

In 1998 the Norwegian government introduced a program that substantially increased parents’ incentives to stay home with children under the age of three. Many eligible children had older siblings, and we investigate how this program affected long-run educational outcomes of the older siblings. Using comprehensive administrative data, we estimate a difference-in-differences model which exploits ...

Since the 1980s, world has been increasingly connected and integrated. The concept of distance revived by efficiency communication transportation, transforming into a global community. Globalization's footprints are becoming visible with passage time. Aside from other aspects, ever-increasing globalization is altering women's life. Involvement in work force considered as an important indicator ...