We performed experiments to establish the scaling of convective heat transfer at the wall of circulating fluidized beds. In these units, the suspension condenses into clusters separated from the wall by a gas film of order the mean particle diameter. Because of the relatively high solid volume fraction and heat capacity of these clusters, Lints and Glicksman [AIChE Symp. Ser. 89 (1993), pp. 297...

in order to examine the laminar convective heat transfer of nanofluid, experiments carried out using silver-oil nanofluid in a concentric annulus with outer constant heat flux as boundary condition. silver-oil nanofluid prepared by electrical explosion of wire technique and observed no nanoparticles agglomeration during nanofluid preparation process and carried out experiments. the average size...

biopolymer based nano-complex is a category of nano-carriers which are produced by interaction between protein and polysaccharide. they can carry hydrophobic nutriciuticals in aqueous solutions and also cause to increase of protection and bioavailability of encapsulated active materials. in this research, gellan-caseinate complexes containing omega3 were produced by adding gellan solutions to c...

homogeneity and uniformity of soil particles is a most potent factor which affects soil spectral signatures. geometric standard deviation of soil particles (?g) exhibits the homogeneity of soil components. this study presents the influence of ?g on spectral studying of soil geometric mean particle diameter as well as lime. the study was conducted in pol-e-dokhtar using the data set of lissiii-p...

Different samples of cobalt powder were synthesized. Particle size and shape were characterized by electron microscopy and light scattering. These measures showed that the synthesized powders consisted of monodisperse spheres with average diameters ranging between 63 and 760 nm. These powders were used for the preparation of magnetorheological (MR) fluids by dispersing them in silicone oil. It ...

in this paper, differences in porosity, compressive strength and tablet- forming ability of carbamazepine crystals agglomerated under similar condition, but subjected to different drying temperatures are reported. the agglomerates were prepared by spherical crystallization method and thereafter dried without agitation at different temperature. an increased drying temperature did not affect the ...

The hazard caused by inhaled particles depends on the site at which they deposit within the respiratory system. Knowledge of respiratory aerosol deposition rates and locations is necessary to (1) evaluate potential health effects and establish critical exposure limits and (2) design effective inhaled medications that target specific lung regions. Particles smaller than 10 μm in diameter can be ...

We report on the impact of differently sized particles on the collapse of a Langmuir monolayer. We use an SDS-DODAB monolayer because it is known to collapse reversibly under compression and expansion cycles. Particles with diameters of 1 μm, 0.5 μm, 0.1 μm, and 20 nm are deposited on the SDS-DODAB monolayer. We find a critical particle size range of 0.1 to 0.5 μm that produces a transition fro...

In the detection of particles using digital in-line holography, measurement accuracy is substantially influenced by the hologram processing method. In particular, a number of methods have been proposed to determine the out-of-plane particle depth (z location). However, due to the lack of consistent uncertainty characterization, it has been unclear which method is best suited to a given measurem...

While a large number of field investigations on aerosol CCN activity and cloud microphysics have been performed, very little information on the activation characteristics of the smallest aerosol particles (those close to or below 0.1 μm in diameter) is available. Here we approach the problem in a slightly different way to traditional methods by measuring simultaneously the cloud interstitial pa...