Results of a systematic study of fully integrated particle multi-plicities in central Au–Au and Pb–Pb collisions at beam momenta of 1.7A GeV, 11.6A GeV (Au–Au) and 158A GeV (Pb–Pb) using a statistical-thermal model are presented. The close similarity of the colliding systems makes it possible to study heavy ion collisions under definite initial conditions over a range of centre-of-mass energies...

The bioactivity of nanoparticles crucially depends on their ability to cross biomembranes. Recent simulations indicate the cooperative wrapping and internalization of spherical nanoparticles in tubular membrane structures. In this article, we systematically investigate the energy gain of this cooperative wrapping by minimizing the energies of the rotationally symmetric shapes of the membrane tu...

We report the measurement of and ¯ yields and inverse slope parameters in d+Au collisions at √ s NN = 200 GeV at forward and backward rapidities (y = ±2.75), using data from the STAR forward time projection chambers. The contributions of different processes to baryon transport and particle production are probed exploiting the inherent asymmetry of the d+Au system. Comparisons to model calculati...

Apart from large surface areas, low activation energies are essential for efficient reactions, particularly in heterogeneous catalysis. Here, we show that not only the size of nanoparticles but also their detailed morphology can crucially affect reaction kinetics, as demonstrated for mass-selected, soft-landed, and oxidized cobalt clusters in a 6 nm to 18 nm size range. The method of reflection...

The theory of diffusive particle acceleration explains the spectral properties of the cosmic rays below energies of ≃ 10 eV as produced at strong shocks in supernova remnants (SNR’s). To supply the observed flux of cosmic rays, a significant fraction of the energy released by a supernova has to be transfered to cosmic rays. The key to the question of the efficiency of SNR’s in producing cosmic ...

We present a first report of energetic charged particle observations at latitudes above 70ÆS from the COSPIN instruments on Ulysses during Ulysses’ recently completed pass over the Sun’s south polar regions. Solar energetic particles dominated the particle flux during most of the pass, and for > 30 MeV protons there was a close correspondence between intensity increases at IMP-8 near Earth and ...

We show that energetic charged particles are produced during electrolysis of a D2O solution of Li2SO4 in a cell with a platinum anode and a palladium cathode. CR-39 plastic detectors, designed for recording alpha particles from radon decay, were immersed in the electrolyte during electrolysis. They recorded significantly larger numbers of energetic particle tracks than were recorded by control ...

We present an experimental study of Na states in the excitation energy range between 2 and 3 MeV. The presence of Na single-particle levels at these energies was first predicted by a microscopic cluster model and then experimentally confirmed by measuring the elastic and inelastic scattering of a 66 MeV Ne radioactive beam on a (CH2)n target. The H( Ne,p)Ne(g.s.) and H(Ne,p’)Ne*(2, 1.887 MeV) c...

The sources of error in electronic structure calculations arising from the truncation of the one-particle and n-particle expansions are examined with very large correlation consistent basis sets, in some cases up through valence 10-zeta quality, and coupled cluster methods, up through connected quadruple excitations. A limited number of full configuration interaction corrections are also consid...

In this work we use the recently measured neutron pairing correlations in the 76 Ge and 76 Se nuclei as a guideline to adjust the single-particle energies in the 1p0f0g shell. The resulting BCS occupations reproduce the measured pairing data. The proton energies were inspected by using the odd-mass nuclei adjacent to 76 Ge and 76 Se as spectroscopic tools. The nuclear matrix element of the neut...