There are two competing hypotheses about the structure and dynamics of primeval forests in lowland Europe: the high-forest and the wood-pasture hypotheses, both of which influence current European forest conservation policies. In a recent study using pollen-analytical data from across lowland Europe, Mitchell provides support for rejecting the wood-pasture hypothesis. His study is important for...

Lucerne has been found to be a valuable pasture plant for young sheep (Morley and Axelsen 1965; Reed, Snaydon and Axelsen 1972), but its value for fattening cattle has not been compared with that of grass legume pastures such as phalaris-subterranean clover. The effect of pasture species may depend on stocking rate, and perhaps influence the weights at which different breeds of cattle are ready...

drawing up the insurance contracts by insurance companies has led to disregard policyholder's rights. this means that insurers by inserting unfair terms in insurance contracts seek to make a contract that they gain special privileges for themselves. jurists as main opponents of injustice regard commitment not to insert unfair terms as one of the insurer's pre-contractual obligations i...

this paper considers the potential problems that may militate against the adoption of organic poultry production in nigeria. factors identified include: higher risk of diseases like coccidiosis and newcastle disease, disease prevention and control / herd health management, disease containment in times of outbreak, land acquisition (land tenure system), market economies / cost-benefit ratio, pas...

the objectives of this study were to determine and compare the chemical composition and ruminal degradability of dry matter (dm), crude protein (cp), neutral detergent fiber (ndf) and acid detergent fiber (adf) of ten pasture forage species dominant in the west provinces of iran. duplicate nylon bags of pasture samples were suspended in the rumen of four wethers for up to 96 h. the chemical com...

14 There is increasing interest in the use of continuous housing systems for dairy cows, 15 with various reasons put forward to advocate such systems. However, the welfare of 16 dairy cows is typically perceived to be better within pasture-based systems, although 17 such judgements are often not scientifically based. The aim of this review was to 18 interrogate the existing scientific literatur...

one of the main resonator factors in watershed soil erosion is inappropriateland management including conversion of pasture land to dry-land farming.unfortunately, the changes of gara su watershed usages have been very common.thus, in order to understand the influence of land use on runoff rate and soil loss, soillosses were investigated and determined under both pasture and dry-land agricultur...

common burnet (poterium sanguisorba) is a perennial herb from rose family (rosaceae) which is used to construct pastures. the studied plant can resist against freezing, cool and drought. the present study was conducted to study the seed germination parameters of common burnet in different thermal treatments as completely randomized design in 4 replications in 2013. treatments involved the effec...

While tropical montane cloud forests (TMCF) provide critical hydrological services to downstream regions throughout much of the humid tropics, catchment hydrology and impacts associated with forest conversion in these ecosystems remain poorly understood. Here, we compare the annual, seasonal and event-scale streamflow patterns and runoff generation processes of three neighbouring headwater catc...