Animal cells bud exosomes and microvesicles (EMVs) from endosome and plasma membranes. The combination of higher-order oligomerization and plasma membrane binding is a positive budding signal that targets diverse proteins into EMVs and retrovirus particles. Here we describe an inhibitory budding signal (IBS) from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Gag protein. This IBS was identified in the...

how to cite this article: ravi a, veerabhadra d, richa g, ngangbam s. a rare occurrence of shagreen patch on the face of apediatric patient with tuberous sclerosis. iranian journal of child neurology 2012;6(1):39-42. tuberous sclerosis is a neurocutaneous syndrome characterized by a clinical spectrum varying from severe mental retardation and incapacitating seizures to normal intelligence and l...

background: contact dermatitis (cd) is a significant problem among nurses. although there are reports about the prevalence of cd from different parts of the world, data about its frequency in turkey and about allergic contact sensitization among nurses is insufficient. objective: to define the frequency and patterns of allergic contact sensitization and related symptoms in practicing and studen...

background the number of laparoscopic procedures done each year continues to rise substantially. clinically significant hemorrhage from secondary port sites at laparoscopy is an uncommon but serious complication and can become unrecognized intraoperatively. abdominal wall hemorrhage and bruising may complicate laparoscopic operative procedures. methods we propose an easy technical gesture to st...