OBJECTIVE To describe trends in outpatient prescription drug utilization in US children and the changes in major areas of pediatric therapeutic use for the years 2002 through 2010. METHODS Large prescription databases (the IMS Vector One: National and Total Patient Tracker) were used to examine national drug utilization patterns for the US pediatric population (ages 0-17 years) from 2002 thro...

The phenomenology of bipolar disorder in the pediatric population is different from that seen in adults. This can present a major obstacle in the accurate diagnosis of the illness and may also hinder the initiation of appropriate treatment. Historically, the mood stabilizers lithium, divalproex, and carbamazepine have been studied in the pediatric population with varying degrees of methodologic...

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disorder characterised by increased production of Langerhans-type histiocytes. It more common in the pediatric age group with predilection for osseous involvement, though any organ may be involved. A 10-year male child was brought to neurosurgical clinic slow growing painful tender mass on head. Initial attempt biopsy lesion failed due excessive ble...

As I continue in this role as interim Editor-in-Chief of Pediatric Annals, I have the opportunity to learn more about new approaches to the diagnosis and management of general pediatric clinical problems. In this issue, guest editor Dr. William P. French and his team of experts present an impressively written group of articles about aspects of pediatric mental health and the integral role of th...

OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to examine whether pediatric patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and hoarding symptoms differed in terms of clinical characteristics from pediatric OCD patients without hoarding symptoms. METHOD Eighty children and adolescents with OCD (range, 7-17 years) completed clinician-administered and parent- and child-report measures of OCD symptom seve...

Reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD) is an unusual diagnosis in the pediatric age group. It is a syndrome characterized by pain in one or more extremities with a significant morbidity in childhood. Patients with RSD have frequently undergone many unnecessary investigations such that the diagnosis and treatment may be considerably delayed. The pathophysiology remains unclear; however, a number of ...

Macular holes are characterized by the absence of neurosensory retinal tissue at the fovea. Clinical interest in macular holes has evolved rapidly during the past decade. In the past, this was a restricted area, even for vitreoretinal specialists, and the disease was categorized as an untreatable blinding disorder. However, the advent of a new classification and hypothesis on the pathogenesis, ...

BACKGROUND We investigated the outcome of 23-gauge transconjunctival pars plana vitrectomy (23G PPV) for the treatment of vitreoretinal disorder in patients with prior trabeculectomy. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 23G PPV in 11 eyes that had functioning filtering blebs after trabeculectomy. The main outcome measures were the visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP) a...

Osteoporosis pseudoglioma syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, characterised by early-onset osteoporosis and congenitalor juvenile-onset blindness. The combination of multiple osteoporotic fractures and blindness suggests a clinical diagnosis of osteoporosis pseudoglioma syndrome. The main ocular manifestations include microphthalmia, anterior segment anomalies, cataract, vitreoreti...