The recent expansion in proton exchange membrane (PEM) research has been commensurate with the growth of PEM fuel cell research, wherein sulfonated polyphenylenes have emerged as leading material candidates for fluorine-free, fully hydrocarbon PEMs.

We report a facile and versatile approach to fabricate polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) films with chemically modifiable outer surface. A PEM film was prepared by layer-by-layer assembly of poly (2-aminoethyl methacrylate) (PAMA) polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), terminated partially tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc)-protected random copolymer (PAMA-co-PBocAMA) as the final layer. The obtained then cross-...

The optimum current value of the proton exchange membrane electrolysis cell (PEM-EC) mainly depends on various operational factors, such as temperature, operating pressure, water flow rate, and content. Therefore, this study aims to maximize performance related PEM-EC by determining optimal conditions PEM having a 9 cm² active layer. In regard, response surface methodology (RSM) central composi...

The Procedure Execution Manager (PEM) combines a complete scripting environment for coding accelerator operation procedures with a manager application for executing and monitoring the procedures. PEM is based on Tcl/Tk, a supporting widget library, and the dp-tcl extension for distributed processing. The scripting environment provides support for distributed, parallel execution of procedures al...

Extant research on websites success has paid insufficient attention to the success of permission-based email marketing (PEM) websites. In order to bridge this knowledge gap, the contribution of this study lies in synthesizing information management/e-commerce, media/communication, as well as customer/marketing research to propose a PEM websites success model consisting of antecedent (i.e., func...

In this study, experimental constant-current cold starts were performed on a polymer electrolyte fuel cell from −10°C to characterize high-frequency resistance behavior, water motion, and ice accumulation before, during, and after cold start. A diagnostic method for rapid and repeatable cold starts was developed and verified. Cold-start performance is found to be optimized when cell resistance ...

Molecular imaging, using positron emission tomography (PET), has become an integral step in the evaluation of many patients with malignancy. However, its use in patients with breast cancer has been limited by the lower levels of (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in some breast malignancies compared to other cancers, the small size of many breast cancers, and the need for biopsy under PET g...

BACKGROUND Until now, only a few studies have compared the ability of different intraoral scanners (IOS) to capture high-quality impressions in patients with dental implants. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare the trueness and precision of four IOS in a partially edentulous model (PEM) with three implants and in a fully edentulous model (FEM) with six implants. METHODS Two gypsum mod...

problem that defies standard epidemiological explanations and readymade solutions. Multifactor etiology leads to PEM; however, understanding the different ways in which they combine by place and time could help in fine-tuning the interventions that are appropriate for each community. Oman is a country in the Middle Eastern Peninsula that has achieved remarkable improvement in socio-economic sta...

The design of electrodes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is a delicate balancing of transport media. Conductance of gas, electrons, and protons must be optimized to provide efficient transport to and from the electrochemical reactions. This is accomplished through careful consideration of the volume of conducting media required by each phase and the distribution of the respe...