We explore the fabrication, physicochemical characterisation (SEM, Raman, EDX and XPS) and electrochemical application of hand-drawn pencil electrodes (PDEs) upon an ultra-flexible polyester substrate; investigating the number of draws (used for their fabrication), the pencil grade utilised (HB to 9B) and the electrochemical properties of an array of batches (i.e, pencil boxes). Electrochemical...

In this study, we extended the one-dimensional (1-D) unitary matrix pencil method (UMP) [N. Yilmazer, J. Koh, T.K. Sarkar, Utilization of a unitary transform for efficient computation in the matrix pencil method to find the direction of arrival, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat. 54 (1) (2006) 175–181] to two-dimensional case, where 2-D matrix pencil (MP) method are used to find the 2-D poles corre...

After many years of development, proton therapy is finally reaching the point of mass adoption in clinical practice. Advances in particle accelerator technology and improved dose delivery techniques have provided strong driving forces for expanded use. Pencil beam scanning (PBS) is the generic name for radiation dose delivery to a target volume using individually controlled small pencil beams o...

BACKGROUND The psychometric properties of an online test are not necessarily identical to its paper and pencil original. The aim of this study is to test whether the factor structure of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) is measurement invariant with respect to online vs. paper and pencil assessment. METHOD The factor structure of CAPE items assessed by paper and pencil (N...

and Applied Analysis 3 Definition 2.1. Given F,G ∈ Mnm and an indeterminate s ∈ F, the matrix pencil sF−G is called regular when m n and det sF −G / 0 where 0 is the zero element of M 1,F . In any other case, the pencil is called singular. In this paper, as we are going to see in the next paragraph, we consider the case that the pencil is singular. The next definition is very important, since t...

Let (Ft : t ∈ P) be a pencil of plane curve singularities and let μ0 be the Milnor number of the fiber Ft. We prove a formula for the jumps μ0 − inf{μ0 : t ∈ P}. As an application, we give a description of the special values of the pencil (Ft : t ∈ P). Introduction. Let (Ft : t ∈ P1), P1 = C ∪ {∞} be a pencil of plane curve singularities defined by two coprime power series f, g ∈ C{X,Y } withou...

We construct an algorithm for the reduction of a regular matrix pencil to canonical form.

OBJECTIVE To compare vision therapy/orthoptics, pencil push-ups, and placebo vision therapy/orthoptics as treatments for symptomatic convergence insufficiency in children 9 to 18 years of age. METHODS In a randomized, multicenter clinical trial, 47 children 9 to 18 years of age with symptomatic convergence insufficiency were randomly assigned to receive 12 weeks of office-based vision therapy...

In diverse tropical webs, trophic cascades are presumed to be rare, as species interactions may dampen top-down control and reduce their prevalence. To test this hypothesis, we used an open experimental design in the Galápagos rocky subtidal that enabled a diverse guild of fish species, in the presence of each other and top predators (sea lions and sharks), to attack two species of sea urchins ...

This paper proposes a novel formulation of the generalized eigendecomposition (GED) approach to blind source separation (BSS) problems. The generalized eigendecomposition algorithms consider the estimation of a pair of correlation matrices (a matrix pencil) using observed sensor signals. Each of various algorithms proposed in the literature uses a different approach to form the pencil. This stu...