coding regions of the transpeptidase domain of the pbp1a, pbp2b and pbp2x genes of the two GBS isolates were amplified and sequenced according to previously outlined methods. 4 Amino acid sequences were deduced and analysed using the ClustalW alignment tool included in the Lasergene software (DNAstar, Madison, WI, USA). Nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences were compared with those of the...

Previous work in this and other laboratories has shown that penicillin is specifically and irreversibly bound by sensitive bacteria (Pasynskii and Katorskaya, 1947; Cooper and Rowley, 1949; Maass and Johnson, 1949a, 1949b; Rowley et al., 1950). It is thought that this binding is closely related to the primary mode of action of penicillin. Attempts have been made to elucidate the nature of this ...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of penicillin for three days and treatment for seven days compared with placebo in resolving symptoms in children with sore throat. DESIGN Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial. SETTING 43 family practices in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS 156 children aged 4-15 who had a sore throat for less than seven days and at least two of the four Ce...

Pneumococcal strains with greatly elevated levels of resistance to penicillin have by now been described with increasing frequency worldwide. The mechanism of antibiotic resistance in these strains involves the molecular remodeling of cell wall synthetic enzymes (penicillin binding proteins). We have now analyzed the peptidoglycan structures of 10 penicillin-susceptible and 10 penicillin-resist...

Penicillin, or other forms of it, is one of the most commonly prescribed antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. Penicillin allergy may present with a wide range of symptoms and signs from mild ones such as runny nose, rash or hives on the skin, to deadly angioedema, asthmatic attack, and anaphylactic shock. The purposes of a penicillin skin test (PST) are to identify people at risk of a...

In an open-label, randomized trial, 44 Vietnamese children with diphtheria were given penicillin therapy (intramuscular benzylpenicillin, 50,000 U/[kg.d] for 5 days and then oral penicillin, 50 mg/[kg.d] for 5 days), and 42 were given erythromycin therapy (50 mg/[kg.d] orally for 10 days). There were no differences in times to membrane clearance or bacteriologic clearance, but median times to f...

BACKGROUND Benzathine penicillin G every 3 weeks is the standard protocol for secondary prophylaxis for recurrent rheumatic fever. OBJECTIVE Assess the effect of Benzathine penicillin G on Streptococcus sanguinis and Streptococcus oralis in patients with cardiac valvular disease due to rheumatic fever receiving secondary prophylaxis. METHODS Oral streptococci were evaluated before (baseline...

Penicilloyl groups, which have been connected to penicillin allergy, are derived from penicillin by cleavage of the beta lactam ring and bind covalently to proteins. Fixation of penicilloyl groups was studied in seven patients given large amounts of penicillin. Penicilloyl groups were found essentially on the albumin molecule at sites not accessible to anti-penicilloyl antibodies, except after ...

reports on the treatment of meningitis with penicillin, with sulphonamides, and with sulphouamides and anti-meningococcal serum. The following are some recent publications on the subject. Dawson and Hobby (1944) reported on the Use of penicillin in 100 cases out of which only 2 were of meningococcal meningitis. In one case the response was satisfactory; in the other Penicillin was not given int...

The antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae, or pneumococcus, is a growing global problem. In our study, 3,571 invasive pneumococcal isolates, recovered from blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples from patients in Finland between the years 2002 and 2006, showed an increase in erythromycin nonsusceptibility from 16% to 28% (P < 0.0001) over the 5-year study period, as well as a doubl...