On February 3, 2006, a bovine-based pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RotaTeq, Merck & Co Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ) was licensed by the US Food and Drug Administration for use in infants in the United States. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends routine immunization of infants with 3 doses of pentavalent rotavirus vaccine administered orally at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. The first dose...

he excellent paper by Mueller et al. (2007) gives us an idea f how difficult it is to perform clinical research in field conitions, however I believe that their final recommendation or the use of combined antileishmanial therapy could not e drawn from their study. They have seen that a group of failing patients to mBisome—–after a previous relapse with antimonials—–do espond to a second course ...

Vanadium phosphorus oxides are used as catalysts in the selective oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride. The working catalyst comprises besides the main pyrophosphate phase in which the vanadium is in a 4+ oxidation state also a, predominantly preparation dependent, amount of different pentavalent vanadylorthophosphate phases. In order to elucidate the role of the pentavalent phases it is n...

Neisseria meningitidis serogroups A, B, C, W, X, and Y cause outbreaks of meningococcal disease. Quadrivalent conjugate vaccines targeting the are available. A pentavalent vaccine that also includes serogroup X (NmCV-5) is under development.

The Editorial by Lone and Puliyel contains several factual errors. It exhibits a time warp, citing old information but not its new details and a disregard for truth by arguments taken out of context. It contains statements that have been disproved. The idea of pentavalent vaccine has ‘technical’ elements – the epidemiological need to introduce hepatitis B (HB) vaccine and Haemophilus influenzae...

Since 2008, Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) vaccine has increasingly been introduced into Asian countries immunisation programmes. Hib vaccine has mainly been introduced as a combination pentavalent vaccine, which has replaced the traditional DTwP or DTPwP-HepB vaccines. As expected with the introduction of a new vaccine, there has been increased attention to serious adverse events following...

Worldwide, rotaviruses have been a significant cause of dehydrating gastroenteritis. This contributed to increased infant morbidity and mortality in Jamaica. We enrolled 1804 Jamaican infants in the international randomized, placebo-controlled, pentavalent (G1, G2, G3, G4 and P1) rotavirus vaccine trial. This pentavalent vaccine was found to significantly reduce rotavirus gastroenteritis attrib...

The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) recently sanctioned funds worth US$ 165 million for introduction of a pentavalent combination vaccine (containing Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hepatitis B and Hib antigens) in to the routine immunization program of India(1). This combination vaccine will first be introduced in ten states (Andhra Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashm...

Cholera toxin (CT), the causative agent of cholera, displays a pentavalent binding domain that targets the oligosaccharide of ganglioside GM1 (GM1os) on the periphery of human abdominal epithelial cells. Here, we report the first GM1os-based CT inhibitor that matches the valency of the CT binding domain (CTB). This pentavalent inhibitor contains five GM1os moieties linked to a calix[5]arene sca...