The purpose of this study was to examine which primary afferent fibers are sensitized to mechanical stimuli after an experimental surgical incision to the glabrous skin of the rat hindpaw. Afferent fibers teased from the L(5) dorsal root or the tibial nerve were recorded in anesthetized rats. The mechanical response properties of each fiber were characterized before and 45 min after an incision...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Specially designed surgical instruments have been developed for single-incision laparoscopic surgery, but high instrument costs may impede the implementation of these procedures. The aim of this study was to compare the cost of operative implements used for elective cholecystectomy performed as conventional laparoscopic 4-port cholecystectomy or as single-incision lapa...

Incision of the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon, widely thought to have happened between ca. 6 and 1.2 Ma, has continued at variable rates along the canyon over the past ;500 k.y., based on measurements of bedrock incision combined with U-series and 40Ar/ 39Ar ages. River incision rates downstream of the Toroweap fault in the western Grand Canyon are about half the ;140 m/m.y. incision rate ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the reliability of two different labial salivary gland biopsy (LSGB) incision techniques (vertical versus horizontal incision techniques) and to report the related complications and discomfort. STUDY DESIGN 163 patients who underwent LSGB were included in this study. Patients were randomly divided as vertical incision group (n=81) and horizontal incision group (n=82). Dem...

background & aim: episiotomy is one of the most common surgical procedures in obstetrics, which requires analgesia. entonox gas is known to have analgesic and sedative properties. however, no studies have been found on the analgesic effects of entonox on episiotomy incision. therefore, this study aimed to compare the effects of entonox and lidocaine on pain intensity during episiotomy incision ...

CONTEXT The two-incision approach to total hip arthroplasty (THA) has received increasing attention in recent years. However, the benefits of this procedure have been debated. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the two-incision THA technique compared to the standard anterolateral THA approach in a community hospital setting. METHODS A retrospective review of records from patients who had THA at Memoria...

BACKGROUND Placenta percreta is a life-threatening condition that places patients at risk of massive bleeding. It necessitates very complicated surgery and can result in mortality. Caesarean hysterectomy is the accepted procedure worldwide; however, recent studies discussing conservative treatment with segmental resections have been published. Foetal extraction and segmental resection can be pe...

BACKGROUND Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a very common operation, but there is no agreement on the appropriate orientation of the surgical incision. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients who had undergone CEA between Jul. 1, 2010, and Dec. 31, 2013. We contacted patients identified in the review to solicit participation in a clinical follow-up examination, during which ...