Nanoparticles (NPs) are finding ever-increasing uses in a wide range of fields including photonics, catalysis and medicine, and identification of new compositions and synthetic methods is key to the continued discoveries with these materials. Within the medical arena, NPs are being investigated for drug delivery and medical imaging applications. Our efforts are focused on exploring synthetic pr...

In order to modify the xanthan gum (XG) polysaccharide and to develop the hydrogels meant for the drug delivery, we have prepared XG-g-poly [HEMA-co-AA] superporous hydrogel (SPH) through chemical cross-linking by graft copolymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and acrylic acid (AA) on to XG via redox initiator system of ammonium persulfate (APS) and N, N, N’, N’tetramethylethylene...

Materials. Acrylamide, bisacrylamide, SDS, Tris, ammonium persulfate, sucrose, and Coomassie Brillant Blue R-250 were obtained from Bio-Rad Laboratories, Richmond, Calif. EDTA and 2-mercaptoethanol were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, Mo. Hanks' balanced salt solution was obtained from the Grand Island Biological Co., Grand Island, N. Y. Ficoll was obtained from Pharmacia Fine Chem...

The nudeotide sequence of the gpt gene coding for the enzyme xanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase has been determined. The gene codes for a protein of molecular weight 16,950. The construction of deletions in the gpt gene which can be used for the genetic analysis of mutations in the gpt gene, is described. INTRODUCTION The ability to clone and sequence unique DNA fragments permits the d...

C–H borylation of N-heteroarenes is an efficient yet highly challenging route to borylated aromatics. In a recent issue Nature, Leonori and co-workers demonstrated novel strategy toward this end by utilizing boryl-radical-based Minisci-type reaction that shows orthogonal site selectivity transition-metal-catalyzed approaches. Direct aromatic bonds straightforward means accessing diverse arene s...

This article presents the development and characterization of nanoparticles loaded with methylene blue (MB), which are designed to be administered to tumor cells externally and deliver singlet oxygen ('0,) for photodynamic therapy (PDT), i.e. cell kill via oxidative stress to the membrane. We demonstrated the encapsulation of MB, a photosensitizer (PS), in three types of sub-200 nm nanoparticle...

Multiple intracellular signaling pathways stimulate quiescent smooth muscle cells (SMCs) to exit from G0 and re-enter the cell cycle. Thus, a combination of two drugs with different mechanisms of action may represent a suitable approach to control SMC proliferation, a prominent feature of in-stent restenosis. In the present study, we investigated the effect of everolimus, a mammalian target of ...

Polysaccharides are known as natural and renewable feed stock for synthesizing high performance macromolecular materials. The popular, versatile and convenient way to develop polysaccharide is being based on materials used for the grafting of synthetic polymers onto natural polysaccharides. Although the attractive chemical and physical properties of polysaccharide co-polymeric materials, undesi...