BACKGROUND Multiple genes that are associated with the risk of developing diabetes or the risk of diabetes complications have been identified by candidate gene analysis and genomewide scanning. These molecular markers, together with clinical data and findings from proteomics, metabolomics, pharmacogenetics, and other methods, lead to a consideration of the extent to which personalized approache...

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, and more than 1.5 million new cases and more than 0.5 million deaths were reported during 2010 in the United States alone. Following completion of the sequencing of the human genome, substantial progress has been made in characterizing the human epigenome, proteome, and metabolome; a better understanding of pharmacogenomics has ...

Standard clinical protocols and the concept "one drug fits all" that are currently used to treat illness in many cases are not effective, and strikingly so in the treatment of cancer, where 75% of therapeutic schemes are ineffective. The concept of personalized medicine is that the treatment of the disease is designed on the basis of the individual needs of each patient and the factors that inf...

There is an increasing emphasis across the fields of medicine on managing individual patients in ways that are tailored to the patient’s unique characteristics—an approach termed personalized or individualized medicine. Although these terms are relatively new, the concept of personalized medicine has a long history, with Sir William Osler (1849– 1919) famously quoted as saying that “the good ph...

Information about personalized medicine abounds, yet it is difficult to comprehensively search for information on this topic due to the broadness of the term "personalized medicine," the variety of terms that are used to describe this concept, the vast amount of pertinent journal articles and Web sites, and the fast pace of developments in this field. A selected list of Web sites is provided as...

Pharmacogenomics is a key factor that will drive the personalized medicine vision. It will help create new combinations of clinical and genomic information necessary for making clinical decision in personalized medicine. Much can be done using available public data sources, yet they lack essential facts that can be only obtained from deep focused curation. A clear distinction will be made betwe...

1.INTRODUCTION Personalized medicine is the direct result of the recent technological and scientific developments. Personalized medicine is a medical model that proposes the customization of healthcare—with medical decisions, practices, and/or products being tailored to the individual patient. Cancer field is one of medicine specialties that benefited a lot from the developments in molecular bi...

Integrative analysis and modeling of the omics data using systems biology have led to growing interests in the development of predictive and personalized medicine. Personalized medicine enables future physicians to prescribe the right drug to the right patient at the right dosage, by helping them link each patient’s genotype to their specific disease conditions. This chapter shares technologica...

Cells are constantly exposed to endogenous and exogenous DNA damage events. In order to confront DNA damage and to maintain genomic integrity, cells have evolved a fine-tuned network of cellular pathways, collectively known as the DNA damage response (DDR). The broad components of DDR include surveillance mechanisms, cell cycle checkpoints, DNA repair pathways, and apoptotic programs. Interesti...

Personalized medicine for cancer entails tailoring therapy for each patient based on unique features of the patient's tumor; physiologic, molecular, genetic and epigenetic. Our ability to molecularly characterize tumor cells has increased dramatically and shown that there are significant differences between samples from patients with the same tumor type. Given this extensive variability in muta...