A formal citrus insect pest survey was conducted in two citrus growing districts of Kenya, Bungoma and Machakos, to determine important insect pests of citrus and evaluate the pest control practices used by small-scale farmers. Observations were made on the insect pests and their damage, methods of pest control practiced, pesticide products used, sources of farming knowledge and how decisions t...

the wood boring beetle, chrysobothris affinis is the most destructive pest of albezia lebeck in landscape of ahwaz. population fluctuations of the pest were investigated on albezia lebbeck in ahwaz landscape during 2010 - 2011. sampling was monthly performed. in each sampling date, ten trees were randomly chosen and damage symptoms of the pest were monitored. when damage symptoms observed in st...

tomato leaf miner moth, tuta absoluta has always been known as the most destructive pest of solanaceae family, especially tomatoes and it have had a lot annual losses to it. therefore, continuous efforts have continued to control it.the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of hibiscus extracts of  marshmallow, fenugreek and lusitanian oak in controlling this pest, in order to hel...

The efficacy of entomopathogenic nematodes for biological control is assessed using deterministic models. Typically, the examination of such models involves stability analyses to determine the long-term persistence of control. However, in agricultural systems, control is often needed within a single season. Hence, the transient dynamics of the systems were assessed under specific, short-term co...

WHY SYSTEMS ANALYSIS of objects and any object can be described by listing its attributes." Systems analysis would be a useful tool for certain kinds of pesticide research, particularly that involving Within any system, many subsystems exist. All decisions affecting the environment or the ecosystem. systems are subsystems of the next higher one. This is A well-designed systems analysis would pe...

Pesticides have been a major contributor to the growth of agricultural productivity and food supply. Yet, they are a source of concern because of human and environmental health side effects. This paper presents methodologies for assessing the productivity and health effects of pesticides. It also provides an overview of some of the major empirical findings. This paper covers major research that...

There is growing public concern about pesticides’ non-target effects on humans and other organisms, and many pests have evolved resistance to some of the most commonly-used pesticides. Together, these factors have led to increasing interest in non-chemical, ecologicallysound ways to manage pests [1]. One pest-management alternative is the diversification of agricultural fields by establishing “...

The cytoplasmic protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTP-PEST, associates with the focal adhesion proteins p130cas and paxillin and has recently been implicated in cell migration. In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which PTP-PEST regulates this phenomenon. We find that PTP-PEST is activated in an adhesion-dependent manner and localizes to the tips of membrane protrusions in spreading fibr...