BACKGROUND Heterocyclic compounds are intriguing part of modern drug discovery research. Ecofriendly syntheses of heterocycles, following green techniques, are privileged routes to protect Mother nature. Microwave-assisted synthesis of chemical compounds is considered as a major greener pathway, both in academia and industry. METHODS A total of 106 publications (including a few authentic web ...

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Research on neuroactive drugs is a pharmaceutical sector of high interest and growth. The discovery of efficient drugs that can relieve pain is a subject of research in the pharmaceutical industry and academic field because pain is a symptom of many diseases. This review will summarize results on the discovery of essential oil constituents with analgesic-like activity from the chemical and phar...

over the past few years, residual pharmaceuticals (antibiotics, anticonvulsants, antipyretics drugs, hormones) have begun to be considered as emerging environmental pollutants due to their continuous input and persistence to aquatic ecosystem even at low concentrations. therefore, the development of efficient, cost-effective, and stable methods and materials for the wastewaters treatment have g...

During first year of steroid usage, osteocyte necrosis and blood vessel blockage may occur, which subsequently may produce steroid-induced bone infarction (SIBI) resulting in painful movement of patient. For treatment of SIBI, pharmaceutical strategy is the basic approach. It involves the use of various pharmacologically active compounds including bisphosphonates, hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), coenz...

Over the recent decades the interest in intranasal delivery as a non-invasive route for drugs is increased.Since the nasal mucosa offers numerous benefits as a target tissue for drug delivery, a wide variety of therapeutic compounds may be administered intranasally for topic, systemic and central nervous system action. We have, herein, outlined the relevant aspects of nasal anatomy, physiology ...

Introduction: In vitro drug release and dissolution testing play an important role in pharmaceutical formulation development and quality control. Poorly soluble candidate molecules constitute a major challenge for the formulation development since the insufficient solubility causes problems for in vitro and in vivo assays, with consequent increased risk of attrition and costs (Di et al., 2012),...

WHO has a constitutional mandate to "develop, establish and promote international standards with respect to biological, pharmaceutical and similar products". The Organization collaborates closely with national nomenclature committees to select a single name of worldwide acceptability for each active substance that is to be marketed as a pharmaceutical. To avoid confusion, which could jeopardize...

Drug delivery technologies have the potential to enable drug candidates with poor pharmaceutical or biopharmaceutical properties, both for macromolecule and traditional compounds. While there have been many success stories to date, the future offers even more promise. In this article, the author surveys the top ten areas in drug delivery looking forward. William J. Lambert, PhD, is the senior v...

Discovering and developing safe and effective new medicines is a long, difficult and expensive process involving multi-billion dollar investments in Research and Development by research-based pharmaceutical industries yearly. On average, it will cost a pharmaceutical company up to $800m and upwards of 15 years to get one new medicine from the laboratory to the pharmacist's shelf. Only five in 5...