At nuclear matter density, electrically neutral strongly interacting matter in weak equilibrium is made of neutrons, protons and electrons. At sufficiently high density, such matter is made of up, down and strange quarks in the colorflavor locked phase, with no electrons. As a function of increasing density (or, perhaps, increasing depth in a compact star) other phases may intervene between the...

In this study PtFeCo ternary alloys nanoparticles of three dimentional (3D) rhombus shapes dispersed on graphene nanosheets (PtFeCo/Gr) were successfully prepared and studied as electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in polymer-electrolyte fuel cells. A combination of analytical techniques including powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectra, inductively coupled plasma-...

MHD boundary layer flow of two phase model nanofluid over a vertical plate is investigated both analytically and numerically. A system of governing nonlinear partial differential equations is converted into a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by suitable similarity transformations and then solved analytically using homotopy analysis method and numerically by the fourth order Rung...

A three-dimensional two-phase lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) is implemented and validated for qualitative study of the fundamental phenomena of liquid water transport in the porous layer of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). In the present study, the three-dimensional microstructures of a porous layer are numerically reconstructed by a random generation method. The LBM simulations foc...

A model is developed to study the stress generation in a spherical particle subjected to lithium insertion. The model accounts for both the plastic deformation and the coexistence of lithium-poor and lithium-rich phases with a sharp and curved phase boundary. Such twophase and inelastic deformation characteristics often arise during lithiation of crystalline particles with high capacity. A flex...

We study shallow moist Rayleigh–Bénard convection in the Boussinesq approximation in three-dimensional direct numerical simulations. The thermodynamics of phase changes is approximated by a piecewise linear equation of state close to the phase boundary. The impact of phase changes on the turbulent fluctuations and the transfer of buoyancy through the layer is discussed as a function of the Rayl...

We study the streaming flow past a rapidly rotating circular cylinder. The starting point is the full continuity and momentum equations without any approximations. We assume that the solution is a boundary-layer flow near the cylinder surface with the potential flow outside the boundary layer. The order of magnitude of the terms in the continuity and momentum equations can be estimated inside t...

We have performed a three-year series of routine lidar measurements on a climatological base. To obtain an unbiased data set, the measurements were taken at preselected times. The measurements were performed between 1 December 1997, and 30 November 2000, at Kühlungsborn, Germany (54◦07′N, 11◦46′ E). Using a 5 Rayleigh/Mie/Raman lidar system, we measured the aerosol backscatter coefficients at t...

Mixed-phase clouds dominate low-level Arctic clouds in cold seasons and have a significant impact on the surface energy budget. However, the treatment of mixed-phase clouds in most current climate models is crude because the detailed microphysical processes involved in mixed-phase clouds are not completely understood, primarily owe to the paucity of cloud observations in the past. Improving mix...