Many cellular processes critically depend on the membrane composition. In this review, we focus on the biosynthesis and physiological roles of membrane lipids in the plant pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The major components of A. tumefaciens membranes are the phospholipids (PLs), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cardiolipin, and ornithine li...

The crystal chemistry of carbonate in Ca apatites, including Na-free and Na-bearing hydroxylapatite (CHAP) and Na-bearing fluorapatite (CFAP) and chlorapatite (CCLAP), has been investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray structure, using crystals synthesised from carbonate-rich melts at 1 GPa, 1400 1000°C. The carbonate ion substitutes for both the X ...

Electrocrystallization of hydroxyapatite (HAp) on titanium was achieved by cathodic polarization in solution containing calcium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. The composition and pH of the bath were found to significantly affect the nature and surface morphology of the deposit. The effect of bath temperature was also studied. X-ray diffraction tests and microscopic inspections confi...

The aim of this study is to fabricate high strength calcium phosphate/ yttrium artially stabilised zirconia (Y-PSZ) composites using a simple powder pressing technique. Various compositions of hydroxyapatite and zirconia powder, ranging from 10 to 90 wt% Y-PSZ, were prepared using a wet mixing process. Ten compacts (13.5mm×3mm) were made for each composition, pressed and fired in air at sinte...

Previous investigational work on the nutrition on the strawberry has been concerned largely with the relationship of soil and fertilizer treatment to growth and yield (5). While these studies have increased greatly the knowledge of the fertilizer requirements of the strawberry, they did not describe the symptoms of mineral deficiencies nor show the mineral composition of the plant and fruit. It...

Infectious urolithiasis is a result of recurrent and chronic urinary tract infections caused by urease-positive bacteria, especially Proteus mirabilis. The main role in the development of this kind of stones is played by bacterial factors such as urease and extracellular polysaccharides, but urinary tract environment also contributes to this process. We used an in vitro model to establish how t...

Glasses in the system 24.5Na2O.24.5CaO.6P2O5.xSrO.(45-x)SiO2 have been studied composition region of x = 0–15 mol%. The as-prepared glasses are transparent and an amorphous network structure. On other hand, heat-treated transformed to opaque white glass-ceramic characterized by their highly crystalline Crystalline apatite (calcium phosphate, Ca3(PO4)2), wollastonite silicate, CaSiO3), strontium...

Bone is a composite biomaterial mainly composed of packed collagen fibres and nano-sized hydroxylapatite (HA) crystals. Quantitative measurements of bone mine­ ral composition can provide insights into the bone mine­ ral formation in health and disease . Bone mineral characteristics such as crystal lini ty, carbonate and phosphate mineral content may vary as a function of age, sex, diet, bone l...

1. In a number of separate experiments, yeast RNA, mixtures of its constituent nucleosides, its constituent bases and ribose were administered orally to rats. In each instance, the resultant changes in the composition of body fluids were monitored using sensitive methods. 2. Ingestion of RNA (100 g/kg diet) caused detectable increases in intestinal ribose, inorganic phosphate, uridine, pseudour...

Peppermint (Mentha × piperita L.) was transformed with various gene constructs to evaluate the utility of metabolic engineering for improving essential oil yield and composition. Oil yield increases were achieved by overexpressing genes involved in the supply of precursors through the 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. Two-gene combinations to enhance both oil yield and compositi...