Sheep exhibit photoperiod-driven seasonal changes in appetite and body weight so that nutritional status increases in long days (LD) and decreases in short days (SD); additionally, they are reproductively active in SD and inactive in LD. We addressed the hypothesis that appetite-regulatory genes in the hypothalamus respond differently to changes in nutritional feedback induced by photoperiod as...

A prominent example of seasonal phenotypic flexibility is the winter increase in thermogenic capacity (=summit metabolism, [Formula: see text]) in small birds, which is often accompanied by increases in pectoralis muscle mass and lipid catabolic capacity. Temperature or photoperiod may be drivers of the winter phenotype, but their relative impacts on muscle remodeling or lipid transport pathway...

A generic model for flowering phenology as a function of daily temperature and photoperiod was applied to predict differences of flowering times among 96 individuals (including the two parents) of a recombinant inbred line population in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Because of the large number of individuals to study, there is a need for simple ways to derive model parameters for each genotype. ...

Heading date in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and other small grain cereals is affected by the vernalization and photoperiod pathways. The reduced-height loci also have an effect on growth and development. Heading date, which occurs just prior to anthesis, was evaluated in a population of 299 hard winter wheat entries representative of the U.S. Great Plains region, grown in nine environments dur...

An efficient and reproducible in vitro protocol for largescale multiplication of Liquorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)has been described. Multiple shoots formation was significantly influenced by growth regulators, photoperiod,explant position, season of explant collection and culture passage. Nodal explants were collected atmonthly intervals to initiate in vitro cultures. The hig...

We have investigated the genetic interactions between cry2 and the various flowering pathways in relation to the regulation of flowering by photoperiod and vernalization. For this, we combined three alleles of CRY2, the wild-type CRY2-Landsberg erecta (Ler), a cry2 loss-of-function null allele, and the gain-of-function CRY2-Cape Verde Islands (Cvi), with mutants representing the various photore...

Timing of the floral transition and inflorescence development strongly affect yield in barley (Hordeum vulgare). Therefore, we examined the effects of daylength and the photoperiod response gene PHOTOPERIOD1 (Ppd-H1) on barley development and analyzed gene expression changes in the developing leaves and main shoot apices (MSAs) of barley by RNA sequencing. The daylength sensitivity of MSA devel...

BELL1-like transcription factors interact with their protein partners from the KNOTTED1 family to bind to target genes and regulate numerous developmental and metabolic processes. In potato (Solanum tuberosum), the BELL1 transcription factor StBEL5 and its protein partner POTH1 regulate tuber formation by affecting hormone levels. Overexpression of StBEL5 in transgenic lines produces plants tha...

Transgene dosage, silencing competence of the transgene loci, and photoperiod conditions were found to regulate the onset and efficiency of Rps10 silencing in two independent transgenic lines of Arabidopsis thaliana. The Rps10 gene encodes the S10 protein which is part of the small subunit of mitochondrial ribosomes. Homozygous plants presented developmentally early onset of silencing, a very e...

The role of the intergeniculate leaflet of the thalamus (IGL) in photoperiod responsiveness was examined in a laboratory-selected line of photoperiod nonresponsive (NR) Siberian hamsters. NR hamsters fail to exhibit typical winter-type responses (i.e., gonadal regression and development of winter-type pelage) when exposed to short day lengths (e.g., 10 h of light/day). Earlier studies revealed ...