We discuss and test the potential usefulness of single-column models (SCMs) for the testing of stochastic physics schemes that have been proposed for use in general circulation models (GCMs). We argue that although single-column tests cannot be definitive in exposing the full behaviour of a stochastic method in the full GCM, and although there are differences between SCM testing of deterministi...

The thermal properties of star-forming clouds have an important influence on how they fragment into stars, and it is suggested in this paper that the low-mass stellar initial mass function (IMF), which appears to be almost universal, is determined largely by the thermal physics of these clouds. In particular, it is suggested that the characteristic stellar mass, a little below one solar mass, i...

Specification of cloud droplet size distributions is essential for the calculation of radiation transfer in clouds and cloud-climate interactions, and for remote sensing of cloud properties. Despite the effort and progress made over the last few decades, a number of vital issues remain unsolved. For example, 1) It is well known that observed droplet size distributions are generally much broader...

A novel method for projecting points onto a point cloud, possibly with noise, is presented based on the point directed projection (DP) algorithm proposed by Azariadis P., Sapidis N. [Drawing curves onto a cloud of points for point-based modelling. Computer-Aided Design 2005; 37(1): 109–22]. The new method operates directly on the point cloud without any explicit or implicit surface reconstructi...

Dedicated electron cloud diagnostics developed at the Advanced Photon Source (APS) enabled for the first time detailed characterization of the electron cloud (EC) properties in a highintensity positron and electron storage ring. From in situ measurements of the electron flux and energy distribution at the vacuum chamber wall, electron cloud production mechanisms and details of the beam-cloud in...

Cloud computing has recently evolved as a popular computing infrastructure for many applications. Scientific computing, which was mainly hosted in private clusters and grids, has started to migrate development and deployment to the public cloud environment. eScience as a service becomes an emerging and promising direction for science computing. We review recent efforts in developing and deployi...

User analysis job demands can exceed available computing resources, especially before major conferences. ATLAS physics results can potentially be slowed down due to the lack of resources. For these reasons, cloud research and development activities are now included in the skeleton of the ATLAS computing model, which has been extended by using resources from commercial and private cloud provider...

introduction: tinnitus is a perception of sound without external source. the exact etiology of tinnitus is not fully understood, although some researchers believe that the condition usually starts in the cochlea. the aim of this study was to determine the potential contribution of outer hair cell dysfunction to chronic tinnitus, by application of distortion-product evoked otoacoustic emission (...