Pile scour may cause instability to the structures they support. Ensuring a safe and economically sound design is essential for the wider community. Although much laboratory research has been carried out on scour at pile groups, there are still significant gaps in prediction formulae. This study has been conducted to develop a formula for scour at pile arrangements of non-uniform spacing. The s...

Here we show that variations of temperature, even of a few degrees in amplitude, induce the ageing of a granular pile. In particular, we report measurements of physical properties of a granular heap submitted to thermal cycles. Namely, we focus on the evolution of the thermal linear-expansion coefficient and of the thermal conductivity of the pile with the number of cycles. The present contribu...

The sand pile model was introduced by Bak, Tang and Wiesenfeld (see [BTW88]) in the context of selforganized criticality. Since then, there has been a lot of work on this model and related models, especially from the graph-theoretical point of view (see, e.g., [ALSSTW89, GK93, GMP]). In the classical model, designed by Brylawski for another purpose (see [Bry73]), a sand pile is a decreasing seq...

1 Introduction The purpose of this paper is to solve a class of combinatorial games consisting of one-pile counter pickup games for which the maximum number of counters that can be removed on each successive move changes during the play of the game. Two players alternate removing a positive number of counters from the pile. An ordered pair (N, x) of positive integers is called a position. The n...

The article describes the main types of technological schemes for working out flooded strata sand deposits using hydraulic shovel excavators. analysis scientific and technical literature describing experience excavators in open-pit mining, including pits extraction construction sand, has been carried out. proposed scheme is that development reserves without preliminary water reduction by a exca...

The Sand Pile Model (SPM) and its generalization, the Ice Pile Model (IPM), originate from physics and have various applications in the description of the evolution of granular systems. In this article, we deal with the enumeration and the exhaustive generation of the accessible configuration of the system. Our work is based on a new recursive decomposition theorem for SPM configurations using ...

Structural foundation piles are being used increasingly as heat exchangers to provide renewable heat for new buildings. To design such energy systems a steady state is assumed within the pile, which is conventionally characterised by constant thermal resistance. However, there has been little research regarding pile resistance and there are few published case studies. Numerical modelling result...

We present a molecular-dynamics study of discharges in a granular pile evincing a catastrophic regime depending on the outlet size. The avalanche size distribution function suggests a phase transition where the height of the remaining pile is taken as the order parameter. Our results indicate that there is a critical outlet size beyond which discharges become catastrophic and the initial pile i...

This paper describes a test setup and methodology for centrifuge modeling of energy pile pullout from saturated soft clay, with the goal understanding how heating improves interface shear strength through thermal consolidation. A kaolinite clay layer was first consolidated outside within cylindrical container an inner diameter 551 mm using hydraulic piston to reach thickness 220–240 then permit...

To study the influence of different organic amendments on the quality of poultry manure compost, three pilot composting trials were carried out with different mixes: poultry manure/carcasse meal/ashes/grape pomace (Pile 1), poultry manure/ cellulosic sludge (Pile 2) and poultry manure (Pile 3). For all piles, wood chips were applied as bulking agent. The process was monitored, over time, by eva...