This study is to investigate the effects of sulforaphane (SFN) on TNF-α-induced proinflammatory cytokine production and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in bEnd.3 mouse brain endothelial cells. The bEnd.3 cells were stimulated with TNF-α, with or without SFN treatment, for 24 h. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and endothelin contents were detected by ELISA. ROS level was assessed by flow cytomet...

Flow characteristics in a model of a stationary two-pass internal coolant passage were measured with the stereoscopic PIV technique. From the PIV measurements, the 3D mean velocity field and turbulence quantities of the flow were obtained simultaneously with high spatial resolution, which allowed for an understanding of the flow phenomena in the coolant passage. The model of the coolant passage...

Two-dimensional (2-D) microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) optical switches can be constructed by arranging the MEMS-actuated micromirrors as an array. We consider here the switching capability, routing, and optimization of the rectangular array interconnection on which the capability and efficiency of 2-D MEMS switches depend. The switching capability of a rectangular array is proved analytic...

The far-infrared laser electric resonance spectra of the prototypical atom-diatom complex ArH3%Z1 are analyzed using improved zero-field molecular constants, yielding accurate permanent and transition dipole moments for the three lowest excited van der Waals vibrational states. The constants are obtained from a multistate fit to previous microwave, far-infrared laser electric resonance, and far...

We develop a new method for analysis of meandering channels based on planform sinuosity. This analysis objectively identifies three channel reach lengths based on sinuosity measured at those lengths: the length of typical, simple bends; the length of long, often compound bends; and the length of several bends in sequence that often evolve from compound bends to form multi-bend loops. These leng...

Conserved sequence elements in the human cardiac and skeletal alpha-actin promoters that contain the CC(A + T-rich)6GG motif have been shown to regulate transcription of these genes. A similar sequence is found in the serum response element of the human c-FOS gene. In this study, we demonstrate that indistinguishable proteins bind to each of five CC(A + T-rich)6GG elements examined in the human...

A detailed analysis of the wave-mode structure in a bend and its incorporation into a stable algorithm for calculation of the scattering matrix of the bend is presented. The calculations are based on the modal approach. The stability and precision of the algorithm is numerically and analytically analysed. The algorithm enables precise numerical calculations of scattering across the bend. The re...