The nuclear hormone receptors liver X receptor alpha (LXRalpha) (NR1H3) and LXRbeta (NR1H2) are established regulators of cholesterol, lipid, and glucose metabolism and are attractive drug targets for the treatment of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Adrenal steroid hormones including glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids are known to interfere with glucose metabolism, insulin signaling, a...

Koji KIDO Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Kobe Medical College (Director : Prof. Yasuo Ueda) On the subject of the secretory mechanism of the thyroid stimulating hormone in the anterior pituitary, there still remains a number of unsolved problems. To clarify one of the aspects, the author has attempted an investigation of TSH content in the pituitary gland which was assayed by the modifi...

C3Hf (XVII) mice never develop spontaneous mammary tumors. However, the transplantation of an isologous pituitary gland under their kidney capsule is followed by a 10-fold increase in serum and pituitary prolactin content (180 ng/ml and 20 micrograms/mg of tissue, respectively), concomitant with an increase of prolactin receptors in mammary glands. Under these conditions, mammary tumors appear ...

Genetic analysis of mouse mutants has demonstrated the importance of the homeobox genes Rpx, Lhx3 and Pit1 for anterior pituitary gland development. Pit1 mutations have also been identified in several human families with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies. To identify additional homeobox regulators of pituitary development, we screened an adult pituitary gland cDNA library for homeobox seq...

Genetic analysis of mouse mutants has demonstrated the importance of the homeobox genes Rpx, Lhx3 and Pit1 for anterior pituitary gland development. Pit1 mutations have also been identified in several human families with multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies. To identify additional homeobox regulators of pituitary development, we screened an adult pituitary gland cDNA library for homeobox seq...

The present study was designed to investigate the effects of sleep disturbance on histological features and evaluates expression StAR protein in cortex adrenal gland adult male rats. suprarenal glands are endocrine organs that directly affected by deprivation. Sleep is a stress factor affecting steroidogenesis since it regulated hypothalamic-pituitary axis (HPA). Its hormones cholesterol-derive...

The improved management of pituitary adenomas has led to an increasing number of pregnancies in patients harboring pituitary adenomas. Therefore, adequate management of pregnant women with pituitary adenomas is of growing importance. Because pregnancy produces several physiologic changes to the endocrine system, especially to the pituitary gland, endocrinologists must be knowledgeable and skill...

The pituitary gland produces hormones that play important roles in both the development and the homeostasis of the body. A deficiency of two or several of these pituitary hormones, known as combined pituitary hormone deficiency, may present in infants or children due to an unknown etiology and is considered congenital or idiopathic. Advancements in our understanding of pituitary development hav...

The anterior and intermediate lobes of the pituitary gland develop through invagination of the oral ectoderm and as they are endocrine tissues, they participate in the maintenance of vital functions via the synthesis and secretion of numerous hormones. We recently observed that several extrapituitary cells invade the anterior lobe of the developing pituitary gland. This raised the question of t...

ABSTRACT
 Intracranial pathologies can affect pituitary hormone levels whether they are primarily related to the gland or not. In deficiencies, size and location of may be normal, as well one more effects observed after hypoplasia, partial empty sella, ectopic neurohypophysis, Rathke's cleft cyst, adenomas other masses surgeries. early puberty, dimensions usually increased, rarely hypoplas...