the present article is about the zemakhshari’s al-kashaf commentary. in this book the author has paid a lot of attention to the literary aspects of quran.one of the most important aspects of this commentary is it’s lexical analysis of the words. the researcher then compares these analyses with those which exist in quran while providing reasons and explaining his views about them.

This paper aims to show how we can make progress in elucidating how people understand speech by changing our focus of inquiry from abstraction of formal units of linguistic analysis to a detailed analysis of global aspects of the communicative situation, of which speech is just one part. It uses evidence of (a) the communicative importance of fine phonetic detail and (b) exemplar memory for spe...

Many interior spaces in cities, freely available to all citizens, are classified as public because they belong people. Interiors a part of the where urban culture is formed, and socio-spatial change observed, have an important place formation identity place. In setting, meanings well spatial components, events, activities, which values that make unique, distinctive feature. This research invest...

We present new methods for pruning and enhancing itemsets for text classification via association rule mining. Pruning methods are based on dependency syntax and enhancing methods are based on replacing words by their hyperonyms of various orders. We discuss the impact of these methods, compared to pruning based on tfidf rank of words.

Much recent work in computational linguistics emphasizes the role of lexical information in syntactic representation and processing. In this paper, I propose to represent syntax as an abstraction of subcategorization frames, from a word-speciic level to a general, abstract level (syntactic categories). The representation is linguistically perspicuous, and useful for processing. I deene a parsin...

Almost all automatic semantic role labeling (SRL) systems rely on a preliminary parsing step that derives a syntactic structure from the sentence being analyzed. This makes the choice of syntactic representation an essential design decision. In this paper, we study the influence of syntactic representation on the performance of SRL systems. Specifically, we compare constituent-based and depende...

Xml documents conceptually are not trees, but forests. Therefore, we extend the concept of macro tree transducers (mtt’s) to a transformation formalism of forests, macro forest transducers (mft’s). We show that mft’s form a strict superset of mtt’s operating on forests (represented as binary trees). On the other hand, the transformation of every mft can be simulated by the composition of two mt...

An algorithm for automatic identification of topic and focus of the sentence is presented, based on dependency syntax and using written input, which is much more ambiguous than spoken utterance. 1. The dichotomy of topic and focus, based, in the Praguean Functional Generative Description, on the scale of communicative dynamism (underlying word order), is relevant not only for a possible placeme...

The field equations of the generalized field theory (GFT) are derived from an action principle. A comparison between (GFT), Møller’s tetrad theory of gravitation (MTT), and general relativity is carried out regarding the Lagrangian of each theory. The results of solutions of the field equations, of each theory, are compared in case of spherical symmetry. The differences between the results are ...

Since the mid-1960s, the development of Meaning-Text Theory (MTT) can be followed in Russian, French, and English publications. The main authors of this theory are I. A. Melt~uk and A. K. 7.olkowskij, the first works with a more global insight into MTT being 7.olkowskij and Mel~uk (1965, 1967). Since that time, MTT has been developing and has brought considerable results. Nowadays, there are hu...