We examine formation conditions for the Galilean satellites in the context of models of late-stage giant planet accretion and satellite-disk interactions. We first reevaluate the current standard, in which the satellites form from a ‘‘minimum mass subnebula ’’ disk, obtained by augmenting the mass of the current satellites to solar abundance and resulting in a disk mass containing about 2% of J...

This paper presents our real-time disk scheduler called the L scheduler, which optimizes unscheduled best-effort disk requests by giving priority to best-effort disk requests while meeting real-time request deadlines. Our scheduler tries to execute real-time disk requests as much as possible in the background. Only when real-time request deadlines are endangered, our scheduler gives priority to...

This paper introduces YFQ, a new disk scheduling algorithm that allows applications to set aside for exclusive use portions of the disk bandwidth. We implemented YFQ as part of the Eclipse/BSD operating system, which is derived from FreeBSD, a version of 4.4 BSD Unix. YFQ’s disk bandwidth reservations can guarantee file accesses with high throughput, low delay, and good fairness. Such quality o...

The results of a three-dimensional model for disk-halo interaction are presented here. The model considers explicitly the input of energy and mass by isolated and correlated supernovae in the disk. Once disrupted by the explosions, the disk never returns to its initial state. Instead it approaches a state where a thin HI disk is formed in the Galactic plane overlayed by thick HI and HII gas dis...

Study Design Case report. Objective Describe a case of intradural disk herniation and a method for intraoperative localization. Methods Intradural disk herniations are uncommon but well described. The diagnosis of these lesions is often difficult, and sometimes they may be diagnosed only through an intradural exploration after an expected disk fragment cannot be located. We report the case of a...

The effects of disk herniations on the career and performance outcomes of Major League Baseball (MLB) pitchers are unknown. The purpose of this study is to determine the outcomes after a cervical or lumbar disk herniation for MLB pitchers. Forty MLB pitchers from 1984 to 2009 with a cervical disk herniation or lumbar disk herniation were identified using a previously established protocol. Cervi...