BACKGROUND Seaweeds are taxonomically diverse benthic algae, which are rich in bioactive compounds. These compounds have a potential application in medicine. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to investigate the bioactive properties of three seaweed samples, Enteromorpha antenna, Enteromorpha linza and Gracilaria corticata were collected from the shoreline of Mahabalipuram, Tamilnadu. MATE...

Spallation neutron source user facilities require reliable, intense beams of protons. The technique of H charge exchange injection into a storage ring or synchrotron can provide the needed beam currents, but may be limited by the ion sources that have currents and reliability that do not meet future requirements and emittances that are too large for efficient acceleration. In this project we ar...

A small helicon source is used to create dense plasma and inject it into a large chamber. A permanent magnet is used for the dc magnetic field (B-field), making the system very simple and compact. Though theory predicts that better antenna coupling will occur at 27.12 MHz, it was found that 13.56 MHz surprisingly gives even higher density due to practical effects not included in theory. Complet...

Generation of terahertz (THz) wave from air plasma induced by femtosecond laser pulses with a single central frequency (the so-called "single-color") is one the fundamental interactions between light and matter, also basis subsequent pumping schemes using two- or multi-color fields. Recently, more states media beyond gas (e.g., atomic cluster liquid) via photo-ionization have brought new experi...

Abstract Antenna problem is a phenomenon of plasma induced gate oxide degradation. It directly affects manufacturability of VLSI circuits, especially in deep-submicron technology using high density plasma. Diode insertion is a very effective way to solve this problem. Ideally diodes are inserted directly under the wires that violate antenna rules. But in today’s high-density VLSI layouts, there...

The present article expounds a formalism for the representation of multi-port non-reciprocal antenna structures in an arbitrary surrounding linear medium. In the most general approach the antenna, the waveguides connected to it, as well as the surrounding medium may contain any distribution of anisotropic magneto-electric media. Furthermore, an arbitrary external field is taken into considerati...

in some mobile systems, intelligent antennas are used to increase efficiency in a wide frequency band and different environmental and electromagnetic conditions. environmental factors, such as position of nearby objects, antenna mobility and even user type, can vary the antenna input impedance appreciably. therefore, it is necessary to incorporate an adaptive impedance matching circuit between ...

This paper reviews a novel and simple technique for measuring electron density and temperature using a surface wave probe (SW probe). This probe is also called plasma absorption probe as it is based on absorption of surface waves by plasma. The SW probe enables us to measure the local absolute electron density even when the probe surface is soiled with processing plasmas. The technique relies o...

In the framework of the superconducting proton linac (SPL) study at CERN, a new non-cesiated H(-) plasma generator driven by an external 2 MHz RF antenna has been developed and successfully operated at repetition rates of 50 Hz, pulse lengths of up to 3 ms, and average RF powers of up to 3 kW. The coupling efficiency of RF power into the plasma was determined by the cooling water temperatures a...