A quantum field theoretical model for the dynamics of the disoriented chiral condensate is presented. A unified approach to relate the quantum field theory directly to the formation, decay and signals of the DCC and its evolution is taken. We use a background field analysis of the O(4) sigma model keeping one-loop quantum corrections (quadratic order in the fluctuations). An evolution of the qu...

[1] The first fully three‐dimensional particle‐in‐cell (PIC) simulation of whistler turbulence in a magnetized, homogeneous, collisionless plasma has been carried out. An initial relatively isotropic spectrum of long‐wavelength whistlers is imposed upon the system, with an initial electron b = 0.10. As in previous two‐dimensional simulations of whistler turbulence, the three‐dimensional system ...

1 Why should we test the fluctuation relation? 3 1.1 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2 The fluctuation relation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.3 The “transient fluctuation relation” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.4 Anosov systems a...

The low frequency magnetic field spectrum in the primordial plasma is of particular interest as a possible origin of magnetic fields in the universe (e.g., Tajima et al. 1992 and Cable and Tajima 1992). We derive the magnetic field spectrum in the primordial plasma, in particular, at the epoch of primordial nucleosynthesis. The pioneering study of Cable and Tajima (1992) of the electromagnetic ...

We define an effective temperature and study its properties for a class of out-of-equilibrium steady states in a heat bath. Our analysis is based on the anti-de Sitter spacetime/conformal field theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence, and examples include systems driven by applied electric fields and branes dragged in plasmas. We found that the effective temperature can be lower than that of the heat b...

Two new tools have been employed to diagnose and actively perturb fluctuations in the edge plasma of the Alcator C-Mod tokamak. A mirror Langmuir probe [1, 2, 3] has been used to characterize edge fluctuations and transport with unprecedented detail. In addition, a new Shoelace antenna [4, 5] provides a direct drive to actively probe these fluctuations at a specific k⊥ (1.5 cm ) within a broad ...

Theories for the toroidal momentum confinement in tokamaks have been developed. It is shown that the logarithmic gradient of the toroidal flow is a linear combination of logarithmic gradients of the plasma pressure and the temperature in neoclassical quasilinear theory. The fluctuation-induced toroidal stress consists of a diffusion flux, a convective flux, and a residual flux. The effects of a...

Coherent drift modes and drift wave turbulence is studied in a collisionality dominated high-density helicon plasma. The drift wave instability is identified by comparison of the drift mode density fluctuations characteristics with a linear dispersion relation, which reproduces the experimentally observed bent eigenmode structures due to radial gradients of the collisionality profile. Special a...

Fluctuation-induced particle fluxes (Γ ˜ ˜ nφ) in the edge of Alcator C-Mod [Phys. Plasmas 1, 1511 (1994)] are inferred from a fast-scanning probe using standard analysis techniques. The magnitude and profile shape of Γ ˜ ˜ nφ is clearly inconsistent with fluxes inferred from global particle and power balance. These differences are difficult to reconcile if Γ ˜ ˜ nφ is interpreted as a measure ...

Generalized Hamiltonian formalism including generalized Poisson brackets and Lie-Poisson brackets is presented in Section II. Gyroviscous magnetohydrodynamics is treated as a relevant example in Euler and Clebsch variables. Section III is devoted to a short review of functional integration containing the definition and a discussion of ambiguities and methods of evaluation. The main part of the ...